ÿþ<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <head> <title>Ôà×ÙÕê ÜàÒÙéÕê êÛàÙÝ ÐêèÙ ÐÙàØèàØ 1</title> <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org"> <meta content="text/html; charset=unicode" http-equiv="Content-Type"> <link href="officehe.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <style type="text/css"> </style> </head> <body> <div style="width : 80% ; float : right ; padding-right : 30px" > <h1 id="logo" align="Right"> <a href="http://www.w3c.org"> <img alt="The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) logo" width="279" height="52" border=0 src="http://www.w3c.org/Icons/Offices/Israel/illogo-20010115.png"></a> </h1> <div class="Section1"> <h1 dir="rtl" align="center"><a name="_Toc54334526"></a><a name= "_tech-text-equivalent"></a><a name= "_tech-synchronize-equivalents"></a><a name= "_tech-redundant-client-links"></a><a name= "_tech-color-convey"></a><a name= "_tech-color-contrast"></a><a name= "_tech-use-markup"></a>Ôà×ÙÕê ÜÔàÒéê êÛàÙ ÐêèÙ ÐÙàØèàØ 1.0</h1> <h2 dir="rtl" align="center"><a name="_Toc54334527">ÔÞÜæÕê ÐèÒÕß</a> W3C ÞÙÕÝ 5 ÑÞÐÙ 1999</h2> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334528">1. êèÒÕÝ ÜâÑèÙê</a></h2> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>êèÒÕÝ ÜÞáÞÚ:</b></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/">Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0</a></p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔêèÒÕÝ ÜâÑèÙê ÑÕæâ â"Ù:</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÔêèÒÕÝ ÑÕæâ âÜ  ÙÓÙ &nbsp;æÕÕê ÞÕÞ×ÙÝ éÜ <a href="http://www.nagish.org.il/">çÑÕæê ÔàÒÙéÕê</a> ÐÙÒÕÓ ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÔÙéèÐÜÙ: <a href="mailto:gila@isoc.org.il">ÒÙÜÔ ÒèØÜ- ×áÕß</a> (èÛÖê äèÕÙÙçØ àÒÙéÕê, ÐÙÒÕÓ ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÔÙéèÐÜÙ), ÒÓâÕß ÖÙÜè (ÐÙÒÕÓ ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÔÙéèÐÜÙ ÕâÞÕêê "àÒÙéÕê ÜÙéèÐÜ"), æÙäÙ ÐÒÕÖÙ (ÞØ"×), Ó"è àÙè ÓÒß (ÐçÓÞÙç äèÙÕèÙØÙ), ÐÜß ÔÕäàÑèÒ æèäêÙ (ÔÞèÛÖ ÜâÙÕÕè ÙèÕéÜÙÝ), éÐÕÜÔ ÔÙÙØàè (ÐÙÒÕÓ ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÔÙéèÐÜÙ), èß ÖâÙèÐ (áàÕàÙê), ÒÙÜ àÖè (áäÙÔ), ÞÐÙÔ éÕèç (ÞØ"×).</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl"><u>ÔâèÔ:</u> ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÛêÕÑÕê ÑÜéÕß ÖÛè ÞØâÞÙ àÕ×Õê ÕéØã çèÙÐÔ, ÐÚ Ôß ÞÛÕÕàÕê ÜéàÙ ÔÞÙàÙÝ ÛÐ×Ó.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">Üà×ÕêÛÝ àÙêß ÜÔÕèÙÓ Ðê <a href= "http://clickit.ort.org.il/files/txt/902489149/815453881.doc"> ÞáÞÚ ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÔÞÜÐ ÛÕÜÜ àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ ÕØÛàÙçÕê ÑäÕèÞØ word</a>.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p><b><br clear="all"></b> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÒÙèáÔ àÕÛ×Ùê ÑÐàÒÜÙê:</b></p> <p><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505</a></p> <p>(<a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/wai-pageauth.txt">plain text</a>, <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/wai-pageauth.ps">PostScript</a>, <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/wai-pageauth.pdf">PDF</a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/wai-pageauth.tgz">gzip tar file of HTML</a>, <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/wai-pageauth.zip">zip archive of HTML</a>)</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÒÙèáÔ Ð×èÕàÔ ÑÐàÒÜÙê:</b></p> <p><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT">http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÒÙèáÔ çÕÓÞê ÑÐàÒÜÙê:</b></p> <p><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990324">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990324</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><b>âÕèÛÙÝ:</b></p> <p>Wendy Chisholm, <a href= "http://www.tracecenter.org/">Trace R &amp; D Center</a>, University of Wisconsin -- Madison<br> Gregg Vanderheiden, <a href= "http://www.tracecenter.org/">Trace R &amp; D Center</a>, University of Wisconsin -- Madison<br> Ian Jacobs, <a href="http://www.w3.org/">W3C</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔêÐÞÔ Ü-HTML â"Ù </b><a href="mailto:w3c-israel@w3c.org">Israeli W3C Office</a></p> <p class="copyright"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright"><br> Copyright</a>© 1999 <a href= "http://www.w3.org/">W3C</a>(<a href= "http://www.lcs.mit.edu/">MIT</a>, <a href= "http://www.inria.fr/">INRIA</a>, <a href= "http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), ÛÜ ÔÖÛÕÙÕê éÞÕèÕê. W3C<a href= "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer"> liability</a>, <a href= "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks"> trademark</a>, <a href= "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a>and <a href= "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-software">software licensing</a>rules apply.</p> <div align="center" dir="ltr"> <hr size="2" width="100%" align="center"> </div> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334531">2. êçæÙè</a></h2> <p dir="rtl">Ôà×ÙÕê ÐÜÕ ÞáÑÙèÕê ÛÙæÓ ÜÔäÕÚ êÛàÙ ÐÙàØèàØ (Web) ÜàÒÙéÙÝ ÜÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê. Ôà×ÙÕê ÐÜÕ àÕâÓÕ ÜÛÜ <a href="#Glossary_Content_developer">Þäê×Ù ÔÐÙàØèàØ</a> (ÙÕæèÙ ÔêÛàÙÝ ÕÞâæÑÙ ÔÐêèÙÝ), ÕÜÛÜ ÔÞäê×ÙÝ ÑÐÞæâÕê ÛÜÙÝ ÕÞ×ÕÜÜÙÝ. ÔÞØèÔ ÔâÙçèÙê éÜ Ôà×ÙÕê ÐÜÕ ÔÙÐ ÜçÓÝ àÒÙéÕê. âÝ ÖÐê, âÞÙÓÔ ÑÔà×ÙÕê ÐÜÕ êÔäÕÚ Ðê êÛàÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÖÞÙàÙÝ ÙÕêè ÜÛÜ áÕÒÙ ÔÞéêÞéÙÝ ÔÞäâÙÜÙÝ <a href= "#Glos_user_agents">áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé (user agents)</a> éÕàÙÝ (ÓäÓäß éÕÜ×ß-âÑÕÓÔ, ÓäÓäß çÕÜÙ, ØÜäÕß áÜÕÜèÙ, Þ×éÑ ÐÙéÙ ÐÕØÕÞØÙ ÕÛÓ') ÕÑÔê×éÑ ÑÐÙÜÕæÙÝ ÑÔÝ ÔÝ àêÕàÙÝ (áÑÙÑÔ èÕâéê, ×ÓèÙÝ ÔÞÕÐèÙÝ Ùêè ÐÕ ×Õáè âÜ ÔÞÙÓÔ, ÙÓÙÙÝ ÜÐ äàÕÙÕê ÜêäâÕÜ ÔÞ×éÑ ÛÞÕ ÑÖÞß àÔÙÒÔ, ÕÛÓ').</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">âÞÙÓÔ ÑÔà×ÙÕê ÐÜÕ êâÖÕè ÜÐàéÙÝ ÜÞæÕÐ ÞÔè ÙÕêè ÞÙÓâ ÑÐÙàØèàØ. ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÜÐ àÕâÓÕ ÜèäÕê Ðê ÙÓÙ Þäê×Ù ÔêÛàÙÝ ÞéÙÞÕé ÑêÞÕàÕê (images), çÑæÙ ÕÙÓÐÕ ÕÛÓ', ÐÜÐ ÜÔáÑÙè ÛÙæÓ ÜÔäÕÚ Ðê êÛàÙ ÔÞÕÜØÙÞÓÙÔ ÜàÒÙéÙÝ ÙÕêè âÑÕè çÔÜ è×Ñ ÙÕêè.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÔÞáÞÚ ÞÛÙÜ âçèÕàÕê àÒÙéÕê ÕèâÙÕàÕê âÙæÕÑ. ÛÞÔ ÞÔÐáØèØÒÙÕê ÔàÓÕàÕê ÑÞáÞÚ ÖÔ ÞêÙÙ×áÕê ÜéÙçÕÜÙÝ ÔàÕÑâÙÝ ÞÓèÙéÕê ÑÙàÜÐÕÞÙÕê ÕÜàÒÙéÕê ÑÞÙÒÕÕß äÜØäÕèÞÕê. âÝ ÖÐê, ÔÞáÞÚ ÞêÞçÓ ÑàÒÙéÕê ÕÐÙàÕ ÞêÙÙ×á ÑÔÛè× ÜéÙçÕÜÙÝ ÕäâÙÜÕÙÕê Ð×èÕê éÜ Ô-W3C. ÜÞÙÓâ àÕáã Ùé ÜäàÕê ÜâÞÕÓ <a href= "http://www.w3.org/Mobile/">W3C Mobile Access Activity home page</a> ÕÜâÞÕÓ <a href= "http://www.w3.org/International/">W3C Internationalization Activity home page</a>.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÞáÞÚ ÖÔ ÐÞÕè ÜÔÙÕê çÑÕâ Õêçã ÜÐÕèÚ ÖÞß, ÕÜÛß ÔÕÐ ÐÙàÕ Þáäç ÞÙÓâ ÞäÕèØ ÐÕ ØÛàÙ âÜ êÞÙÛÔ ÑÓäÓäß ÞáÕÙÝ âÑÕÓ ÔØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ÔÞäÕèØÕê ÑÕ, ÞÛÙÕß éÞÙÓâ ÖÔ ÞéêàÔ ÑÞÔÙèÕê. ÑÞçÕÝ ÖÐê, ÔÔáÑèÙÝ âÜ ÔàÒÙéÕê ÜÐÙàØèàØ (<a href= "http://www.w3.org/WAI/">WAI</a>) ÞáäçÙÝ ÞÙÓâ ÛÖÔ (èÐÔ <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/#ref-WAI-UA-SUPPORT">WAI-UA-SUPPORT</a>).</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÜÞáÞÚ ÔÞçÕèÙ ÞæÕèã àáä× (ÑÐàÒÜÙê), ÔÞÛÙÜ àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ (checkpoints) ÜäÙ àÕéÐ ÕâÓÙäÕê. ÔäèØÙÝ ÑàçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ ÐÜÕ ÞçÕéèÙÝ ÜÔÒÓèÕê éÜÔß ÑÞáÞÚ ÖÔ. ÔàÕéÐÙÝ ÔÞÖÕÔÙÝ Ñàáä× ÛÕÜÜÙÝ êÞÕàÕê, ÞÕÜØÙÞÓÙÔ, ØÑÜÐÕê, ÞáÒèÕê (frames), ØäáÙÝ, ÕêáèÙØÙÝ (scripts). Ôàáä× ÞÕæâ Û<a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505/full-checklist.html"> ØÑÜÔ ÞáÛÞê</a> éÜ êÕÛß Ôáäè ÐÕ Û<a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505/checkpoint-list.html"> èéÙÞê äéÕØÔ</a> éÜÔß.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÞáÞÚ àäèÓ, éÛÕêèêÕ "Web content Accessibility Guideline 1.0", ÞáÑÙè ÛÙæÓ ÜÙÙéÝ Ðê áâÙäÙ èéÙÞÕê ÔÑçèÔ ÔÞÕÒÓèÕê ÑÞáÞÚ ÖÔ. ÞáÞÚ ÔØÛàÙçÕê Óß ÑÛÜ ÔáâÙäÙÝ ÑÐÕäß ÞäÕèØ ÙÕêè ÕÞáäç ÓÕÒÞÐÕê, êÕÚ éÙÞÕé ÑéäÕê HTML, CSS, SMIL Õ-MathML. ÞáÞÚ Ô<a href="#Techniques">ØÛàÙçÕê</a> ÛÕÜÜ ÒÝ ØÛàÙçÕê ÜêÙçÕã ÕÑÓÙçÔ ÕÐÙàÓçá éÜ ÐÜÞàØÙÝ ÕÞÐäÙÙàÙ HTML (ÕÞæÙÙß ÑÐÙÜÕ ØÛàÙçÕê ÜÔéêÞé). ÞáÞÚ ÔØÛàÙçÕê âÕæÑ ÛÓÙ ÜâçÕÑ Ð×è éÙàÕÙÙÝ ØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÙÝ, ÕÜÛß ÔÕÐ æäÕÙ ÜÔêâÓÛß ÑêÓÙèÕê ÒÑÕÔÔ ÙÕêè ÞÐéè ÔÞáÞÚ ÔàÕÛ×Ù.</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔâèÔ:</b> ÜÐ ÛÜ ÔÓäÓäàÙÝ ÕÛÜÙ ÔÞÕÜØÙÞÓÙÔ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜêÞÕÚ ÑäÕàçæÙÕê ÔÞêÕÐèÕê ÑÔà×ÙÕê ÐÜÕ. ÔÓÑè ÞêÙÙ×á ÑÞÙÕ×Ó ÜÞÐäÙÙàÙÝ ×ÓéÙÝ éÜ HTML 4 ÐÕ CSS1, ÐÕCSS2 .</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÞáÞÚ ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÜàÒÙéÕê êÛàÙ ÐÙàØèàØ 1.0 ÔÕÐ ×Üç ÞáÓèÔ éÜ Ôà×ÙÕê àÒÙéÕê éäÕèáÞÕ âÜ ÙÓÙ ÔæÕÕê <a href= "http://www.w3.org/WAI/">Web Accessibility Intiative</a>. áÓèê ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÛÕÜÜê ÒÝ ÞáÞÚ ÜÒÑÙ àÒÙéÕê áÕÛàÙ ÔÞéêÞé (<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-USERAGENT/">User Agents Accessibility Guidelines WAI_USERAGENT</a>) ÕàÒÙéÕê éÜ ÛÜÙÝ ÕÞ×ÕÜÜÙÝ (<a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-AUTOOLS/">Authoring Tool Acebility Guidelines- WAI_AUTOOLS</a>)</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div align="center" dir="ltr"> <hr size="2" width="100%" align="center"> </div> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334532"></a><a name= "_Toc52638423"></a><a name="_áØØÕá_ÔÞáÞÚ"></a>3. áØØÕá ÔÞáÞÚ</h2> <p dir="rtl">ÞáÞÚ ÖÔ àáçè âÜ ÙÓÙ ×ÑèÙ Ô-W3C ÕÒÕèÞÙÝ ÑâÜÙ âàÙÙß Ð×èÙÝ ÕÐÕéè ÛÔÞÜæÔ éÜ Ô-W3C. ÞÛÙÕß éêÕÛß ÞáÞÚ ÖÔ çÑÕâ, àÙêß ÜÐÖÛè ÐÕ ÜæØØ ÐÕêÕ ÑÞáÞÛÙÝ Ð×èÙÝ. êäçÙÓÕ éÜ Ô-W3C ÑÙæÙèê ÔÔÞÜæÔ ÔÖÕ ÔÙÐ ÜÔäàÕê êéÕÞê ÜÑ ÜÞäèØ ÔçÙÙÝ ÑÕ ÕÜçÓÝ Ðê ÔäæêÕ ÕÔØÞâêÕ. ÛÚ êÕè×Ñ ÔäÕàçæÙÕàÜÙÕê ÕÔÐÕàÙÑèáÜÙÕê éÜ ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÜçÔÙÜÕê ÞéêÞéÙÝ èÑÕê ÛÛÜ ÔÐäéè.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/">ÔÒÙèáÔ ÔÐàÒÜÙê</a> éÜ ÞäèØ ÖÔ ÔÙÐ ÔÒÙèáÔ ÔêçäÔ ÔÙ×ÙÓÔ. ÜêèÒÕÞÙÝ ÑéäÕê Ð×èÕê èÐÔ <a href= "http://www.w3.org/WAI/GL/WAI-Webcontnent-Translations">http://www.w3.org/WAI/GL/WAI-Webcontnent-Translations</a></p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">èéÙÞê êÙçÕàÙ ØâÕÙÕê éàÞæÐÕ ÑÞáÞÚ ÖÔ àÞæÐê Ñ <a href= "http://www.w3.org/WAI/GL/WAI-WEBCONTENT-ERRATA">http://www.w3.org/WAI/GL/WAI-WEBCONTENT-ERRATA</a>.</p> <p dir="rtl">èéÙÞê ÔÞÜæÕê Ô W3C ÔàÕÛ×Ùê àÙêß ÜÞæÕÐ Ñ <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR">http://www.w3.org/TR</a>.</p> <p dir="rtl">ÔÞáÞÚ ÔÙàÕ êÕæè äâÙÜÕê éÜ Ô W3C <a href= "http://www.w3.org/WAI">Web Accessibility Initiative</a> .</p><br clear="all"> <div align="center" dir="ltr"> <hr size="2" width="100%" align="center"> </div> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc52638424"></a><a name= "_Toc54334533">4. êÕÛß âàÙÙàÙÝ:</a></h2> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334531">êçæÙè</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334532">áØØÕá ÔÞáÞÚ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334533">êÕÛß âàÙÙàÙÝ:</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334534">4.1 ÔçÓÞÔ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334535">4.2 àÕéÐÙÝ ÑâÙæÕÑ àÒÙé</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334536">4.2.1 ÔÑØ×Ô éÜ ÔÞèÔ äéÕØÔ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334537">4.2.2 ÙæÙèê êÛàÙÝ ÞÕÑàÙÝ ÕçÜÙÝ ÜàÙÕÕØ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334538">4.3 ÛÙæÓ ÞÐÕèÒàÕê ÔÔà×ÙÕê?</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334539">4.3.1 ÞÕáÛÞÕê ÔÞáÞÚ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334540">4.4 èÞÕê âÓÙäÕê</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334541">5. âÞÙÓÔ Ñêçß</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334542">6. Ôà×ÙÕê ÜàÒÙéÕê ÐêèÙ ÐÙàØèàØ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334543">Ôà×ÙÔ 1: áäç ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÜêÛàÙÝ çÕÜÙÙÝ Õ×ÖÕêÙÙÝ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334544">Ôà×ÙÔ 2: ÐÜ êáêÞÚ âÜ ÔæÑâ ÑÜÑÓ.</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334545">Ôà×ÙÔ 3: ÔéêÞé Ñ×ÕÛÞÔ ÑêÒÙÕê ÕÑÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334546">Ôà×ÙÔ 4: ÓÐÒ éÙÔÙÔ ÑèÕè ÑÐÙÖÕ éäÔ ÔÙàÚ âÕéÔ éÙÞÕé</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334547">Ôà×ÙÔ 5: æÕè ØÑÜÐÕê éàÙêàÕê ÜÔÞèÔ ÑçÜÕê</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334548">Ôà×ÙÔ 6: ÕÓÐ éâÞÕÓÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ×ÓéÕê ÞÕÞèÙÝ ÑçÜÕê</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334549">Ôà×ÙÔ 7: ÔÑØ× éÜÙØÔ éÜ ÔÞéêÞé âÜ éÙàÕÙÙ êÕÛß êÜÕÙÙ ÖÞß</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334550">Ôà×ÙÔ 8: ÔÑØ× àÒÙéÕê éÜ ÞÞéçÙ ÞéêÞé "ÞÕØÑâÙÝ" (embeded)</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334551">Ôà×ÙÔ 9: âÙæÕÑ ÜÐÙ-êÜÕê ÑêäâÕÜ áÕÛß ÔÞéêÞé (User Agent)</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334552">Ôà×ÙÔ 10: ÔéêÞé ÑäêèÕàÕê ÑÙàÙÙÝ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334553">Ôà×ÙÔ 11: ÔéêÞé ÑØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ÕÔà×ÙÕê éÜ Ô- W3C</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334554">Ôà×ÙÔ 12: áäç ÞÙÓâ éÙâÖÕè ÜÞéêÞé ÜÔêÞæÐ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334555">Ôà×ÙÔ 13: áäç ÞàÒàÕàÙ àÙÕÕØ ÑèÕèÙÝ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334556">Ôà×ÙÔ 14: ÔÑØ× éÔÞáÞÛÙÝ ÑèÕèÙÝ ÕäéÕØÙÝ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334557">àáä× Ð'- êÙçÕã</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334558">àáä× Ñ'- ÞÙÜÕß ÞÕà×ÙÝ</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334559">êÕÓÕê</a></p> <p dir="rtl"><a href="#_Toc54334560">áÙÞÕÛÙß</a></p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">àáä× éÜ àçÕÓÕê ÔÑçèÔ ÞÕæâ Û<a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505/full-checklist.html"> ØÑÜÔ ÞáÛÞê</a> ÐÕ Û<a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505/checkpoint-list.html"> èéÙÞê äéÕØÔ</a> éÜÔß.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p><br clear="all"> <!--ul dir="rtl" type="disc"--> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334534"></a><a name= "_Toc52638425"></a><a name="_ÔçÓÞÔ"></a>4.1 ÔçÓÞÔ</h2> <p dir="rtl">ÐàéÙÝ éÐÙàÝ ÞÛÙèÙÝ Ðê áÕÒÙÕê ÔàÒÙéÕê ÔçéÕèÕê ÜâÙæÕÑ âÞÕÓÙ ÐÙàØèàØ, æèÛÙÝ ÜÔÑÙß éÙéàÝ ÞéêÞéÙÝ èÑÙÝ ÔäÕâÜÙÝ ÑÔçéèÙÝ éÕàÙÝ ÞÐÕÓ ÞÐÜÔ ÔÞÕÛèÙÝ ÜÔÝ:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl">ÙêÛß éÔÝ ÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜèÐÕê, ÜéÞÕâ, ÜàÕâ ÐÕ éÔÝ ÞêçéÙÝ ÑÛÚ, ÐÕ éÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜâÑÓ áÕÒÙ ÞÙÓâ éÕàÙÝ.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÙêÛß éÙé ÜÔÝ çéÙÙÝ ÑçèÙÐÔ ÐÕ ÑÔÑàÔ éÜ ØçáØ.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÙêÛß éÐÙß ÜÔÝ ÔÙÛÕÜê ÜÔéêÞé ÑâÛÑè ÐÕ ÑÞçÜÓê, ÐÕ éÐÙß ÜÔÝ âÛÑè ÐÕ ÞçÜÓê.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÙêÛß éÙé ÜÔÝ æÒ ÔÞæÙÒ ØçáØ ÑÜÑÓ, æÒ çØß ÐÕ ×ÙÑÕè ÐÙàØèàØ ÐÙØÙ.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÙêÛß éÔÝ ÐÙàÝ ÓÕÑèÙÝ ÐÕ ÞÑÙàÙÝ Ðê ÔéäÔ éÑÔ ÛêÕÑ ÔÞáÞÚ.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÙêÛß éÔÝ ÑÞæÑ éÑÕ âÙàÙÔÝ, ÐÖàÙÔÝ ÐÕ ÙÓÙÔÝ ÐÙàß äàÕÙÕê ÐÕ éçéÔ ÜÔÝ ÜÔäâÙÜ ÐÕêß (ÜÞéÜ: ÑàÔÙÒÔ, ÑáÑÙÑÔ èÕâéê ÕÛÓ').</li> <li dir="rtl">ÙÙêÛß éÞÕêçàê ÑÞ×éÑ éÜÔÝ ÒÙèáÔ ÞÕçÓÞê ÐÕ ÞêçÓÞê éÜ ÓäÓäß, ÓäÓäß çÕÜÙ, ÓäÓäß Ð×è, ÐÕ ÞâèÛê ÔäâÜÔ éÕàÔ.</li> </ul> <p align="right">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">Þäê×Ù êÛàÙÝ æèÙÛÙÝ ÜéçÕÜ Ðê ÔÞæÑÙÝ ÔéÕàÙÝ ÔÐÜÔ ÑÞÔÜÚ âÙæÕÑ ÔÓã. ÑàÕáã ÜÞáäè ÔÞæÑÙÝ éÙé Üç×ê Ñ×éÑÕß, ÛÜ Ô×ÜØÔ âÙæÕÑÙê Ñê×ÕÝ ÔàÒÙéÕê ÞÕâÙÜÔ ÜÞáäè çÑÕæÕê éÜ ÐàéÙÝ âÝ ÞÕÒÑÜÕê ÑÕ-ÖÞàÙê, ÕÜçÔÙÜê ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÛÕÜÔ. ÜÞéÜ, éÙÞÕé <i><u><a href="#Glos_Style_sheets">ÑÓäÙ áÒàÕß</a></u></i> (style sheets) ÛÓÙ ÜéÜÕØ âÜ áÒàÕß ÔÒÕäß ÑÞçÕÝ éÙÞÕé ÑêÒÙê &lt;font&gt;. éÙàÕÙ ÖÔ ÞéÞâÕ éÜÞéêÞé êÔÙÔ éÜÙØÔ ÒÓÕÜÔ ÙÕêè âÜ ÞèÐÔ ÔâÞÕÓ ÕÜÛß ÔÝ ÙÔÙÕ ÙÕêè àÒÙéÙÝ ÜÐàéÙÝ ÛÑÓÙ èÐÙÔ. ÑàÕáã, ÑÒÜÜ éÙêÕã ÑâÞÕÓÙ ÔáÒàÕß, ÙçÕæè ÖÞß ÔÔÕèÓÔ éÜ ÔÓã ÜÛÜ ÔÞéêÞéÙÝ.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÑÞáÞÚ ÖÔ, ÓàÕê ÑáÕÒÙÕê àÒÙéÕê éÕàÕê ÕÞáäçÕê äêèÕàÕê âÙæÕÑ àÒÙéÙÝ. Ôß ÞÛÕÕàÕê Üêè×ÙéÙÝ ØÙäÕáÙÙÝ (ÛÞÕ ÐÜÔ éÑÓÕÒÞê ÔÒÕäß) éâéÕÙÙÝ ÜéÙÝ çå ÜçéÙÙÝ éÜ ÞéêÞéÙÝ âÝ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê ÞáÕÙÞÕê. ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ô<a href= "#_Toc54334543">Ôà×ÙÔ ÔèÐéÕàÔ</a> ÞáÑÙèÔ ÛÙæÓ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ Þäê×Ù êÛàÙÝ ÜÒèÕÝ ÜÛÚ éêÞÕàÕê (images) êÔÙÙàÔ àÒÙéÕê ÙÕêè. ÞéêÞéÙÝ ÞáÕÙÞÙÝ âéÕÙÙÝ éÜÐ ÜèÐÕê Ðê ÔêÞÕàÕê, Ð×èÙÝ âéÕÙÙÝ ÜÔéêÞé ÑÓäÓäàÙÝ ÞÑÕááÙ ØçáØ éÐÙàÝ êÕÞÛÙÝ ÑêÞÕàÕê, ÕÐ×èÙÝ âéÕÙÙÝ ÜÔáÙè ÞÔÓäÓäß éÜÔÝ Ðê ÔêÞÙÛÔ ÑêÞÕàÕê (ÜÞéÜ, ÑÒÜÜ ×ÙÑÕè ÐÙàØèàØ ÐÙØÙ). ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÐÙàß ÞæÙâÕê ÜÔÙÞàâ ÞêÞÕàÕê ÛÓÙ Üéäè Ðê ÔàÒÙéÕê ÜÐêè. ÑÞçÕÝ ÖÐê, Ôß ÞáÑÙèÕê ÛÙæÓ Þêß <i><u><a href="#Glossary_Equivalent">×ÜÕäê ØçáØ</a></u></i> ÜêÞÕàÔ ÙÔäÕÚ ÐÕêÔ ÜàÒÙéÔ.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÛÙæÓ ÙÛÕÜÔ ×ÜÕäê ØçáØ (ALT) ÜÔäÕÚ Ðê ÔêÞÕàÔ ÜàÒÙéÔ? éàÙ Ô×ÜçÙÝ ÑÞÕà× "×ÜÕäê ØçáØ" ÔÝ ×éÕÑÙÝ:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl">êÛàÙ ØçáØ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜÔÙÕê ÞÕÑÐÙÝ ÜÞéêÞé âÜ ÙÓÙ ÞàÕâ ÔçèÐÔ, ÛêÑ ÑèÙÙÜ ÐÕ ÛØçáØ éàÙêß ÜæäÕê ÑÕ. ÛÜ Ð×Ó ÞéÜÕéê ÔÞàÒàÕàÙÝ ÔÐÜÔ ÞéêÞé Ñ×Õé Ð×è: ÐÕÖàÙÙÝ  ÜÞàÕâ ÔçèÐÔ, ÞÙéÕé  ÜÛêÑ ÔÑèÙÙÜ, ÕâÙàÙÙÝ  ÜØçáØ Ô×ÖÕêÙ. ÛÚ ÔÞÙÓâ ÙÛÕÜ ÜÔÙÕê àÒÙé ÜçÑÕæÕê ÔÞÙÙæÒÕê ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê ×ÙéÔ ÕÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê Ð×èÕê.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÛÓÙ é×ÜÕäê ØçáØ êÕâÙÜ ÜÞéêÞé, âÜÙÔ ÜÔâÑÙè Þáè ÖÔÔ ÜäÕàçæÙÔ ÐÕ ÜÞØèÔ éÜ ÔêÞÕàÔ. ÛÚ ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, àÑ×ß ×ÜÕäê ØçáØ ÜêÞÕàÔ éÜ ÛÓÕè ÔÐèå ÛäÙ éÔÕÐ àèÐÔ ÞÔ×ÜÜ Ô×ÙæÕß. ÐÝ ÞØèê ÔêÞÕàÔ ÔÙÐ ÑâÙçè ÜçÙéÕØ, ÐÖÙ ÔØçáØ "êÞÕàÔ éÜ ÛÓÕè ÔÐèå ÛäÙ éÔÕÐ àèÐÔ ÞÔ×ÜÜ Ô×ÙæÕß" âéÕÙÔ ÜÞÜÐ Ðê ÔæÕèÚ ÔÖÔ. ÐÝ ÞØèê ÔêÞÕàÔ ÔÙÐ ÜÔÞ×Ùé ÞÙÓâ ÞáÕÙÝ âÜ ÒÙÐÕÒèäÙÙê ÔâÕÜÝ, ×ÜÕäê ÔØçáØ æèÙÛÔ ÜÔâÑÙè Ðê ÔÞÙÓâ ÔÓèÕé. ÐÝ ÔêÞÕàÔ âÕæÑÔ ÛÓÙ ÜÕÞè ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ ÜÑ×Õè ÑÔ âÜ ÙÓÙ ÔçÜçÔ ÛÓÙ ÜçÑÜ ÞÙÓâ âÜ ÛÓÕè ÔÐèå, ÛÓÙ ÜÛêÕÑ Ðê ÖÔ ÑÐÕäß ÑèÕè Ñ×ÜÕäê ÔØçáØ.</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔâèÔ:</b> ÑàÕáã ÜêÕâÜê âÑÕè ÞéêÞéÙÝ âÝ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê, ×ÜÕäê ØçáØ ÙÛÕÜ ÜâÖÕè ÜÛÜ ÔÞéêÞéÙÝ ÜÞæÕÐ ÓäÙÝ ÞÔè ÙÕêè. ØçáØ ÙÛÕÜ ÜÔÙÕê ÞçÕØÜÒ âÑÕè ÞàÕâÙ ×ÙäÕé ÕÖÞÙàÕêÕ èÑÔ ÙÕêè.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÑâÕÓ ÔÞäê×ÙÝ êÛàÙ ÐÙàØèàØ Þ×ÕÙÑÙÝ Üáäç ×ÜÕäê ØçáØ ÜêÞÕàÕê ÕÜéÐè êÛàÙ ÔÞÕÜØÙÞÓÙÔ, ÔèÙ ÖÕÔÙ Ð×èÙÕêÝ éÜ <i><u><a href="#Glos_user_agents">áÕÛàÙ ÔÞéêÞé</a></u></i> (user agents, éÔÝ ÔÓäÓäàÙÝ ÕØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ÞáÙâÕê ÛÒÕß <i><u><a href="#Glos_Screen_reader">çÕèÐÙ ÞáÚ</a></u></i>, <i><u><a href="#Glossary_Braille">ÞæÒÙ ÑèÙÙÜ</a></u></i> ÕÛÓ') Üáäç Ðê ÔÞÙÓâ ÔÖÔ ÜÞéêÞé.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÐÜÞàØÙÝ éÕÕÙ âèÚ éÐÙàÝ ØçáØ (ÛÒÕß áÞÜÙÝ, çÑæÙ çÕÜ éÔÕçÜØÕ ÞèÐé, çÑæÙ ÕÙÓÐÕ éÜ ÐÓÝ ÔÞêèÒÝ Ðê ÔØçáØ Üéäê ÔáÙÞàÙÝ), ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜÔäÕÚ Ðê ÔÞáÞÛÙÝ ÜàÒÙéÙÝ ÜÐàéÙÝ éÙé éÜÔÝ çéÙÙÝ ÜÒÙéÔ ÜØçáØ ÛêÕÑ. ÑÛÜÜ ÖÔ ÒÝ ÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê çÕÒàÙØÙÑÙÕê, ÜçÕÙÙ ÜÞÙÓÔ Õ×èéÙÝ. ÐÜÞàØÙÝ éÕÕÙ âèÚ éÐÙàÝ ØçáØ, ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÒÝ ÜáÙÙâ ÜÞÙ éÐÙàÝ ÙÕÓâÙÝ ÜçèÕÐ. êÙÐÕè çÕÜÙ ÔÕÐ ÓÕÒÞÔ ÜÐÜÞàØ éÐÙàÕ ØçáØ éÙÛÕÜ ÜÙÙæÒ ÞÙÓâ ×ÖÕêÙ<i><u>. <a href="#Glossary_Equivalent">êÙÐÕè çÕÜÙ</a></u></i> éÜ ÞæÒê ÞÕÜØÙÞÓÙÔ ÞÕâÙÜÔ ÜÐàéÙÝ éÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜèÐÕê Ðê ÔÞÙÓâ Ô×ÖÕêÙ.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <!--ul dir="rtl" type="disc"--> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334535"></a><a name= "_Toc52638426"></a><a name="_àÕéÐÙÝ_ÑâÙæÕÑ_àÒÙé"></a>4.2 àÕéÐÙÝ ÑâÙæÕÑ àÒÙé</h2> <p dir="rtl">ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÞÛÕÕàÕê ÜéàÙ àÕéÐÙÝ ÛÜÜÙÙÝ: ÔÑØ×Ô éÜ ÔÞèÔ ÒÞÙéÔ, ÕÙæÙèê ÔêÛàÙÝ ÞÕÑàÙÝ ÕçÜÙ àÙÕÕØ.</p> <h3 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334536"></a><a name= "_Toc52638427"></a><a name="_ÔÑØ×Ô_éÜ_ÔÞèÔ"></a>4.2.1 ÔÑØ×Ô éÜ ÔÞèÔ äéÕØÔ</h3> <p dir="rtl">âÞÙÓÔ ÑÔà×ÙÕê ÐÜÕ ÞÐäéèê ÜÞäê×Ù êÛàÙÝ ÜÙæÕè âÞÕÓÙ ÞÙÓâ éÞÕÞèÙÝ ÑçÜÕê ÜÓäÙ ÐÙàØèàØ. âÞÕÓÙÝ éÞÕÞèÙÝ ÑçÜÕê àéÐèÙÝ àÒÙéÙÝ ÜÞèÕê ÔÐÙÜÕæÙÝ ÔÞêÕÐèÙÝ Ñ<a href= "#_Toc54334534">ÔçÓÞÔ</a>, ÕÑÔÝ ÐÙÜÕæÙÝ äÙÖÙÙÝ, ×ÙéêÙÙÝ, çÕÒàÙØÙÑÙÙÝ, ÐÙÜÕæÙ áÑÙÑê âÑÕÓÔ ÕÞ×áÕÞÙÝ ØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÙÝ. ÔàÔ Þáäè ÛÜÜÙ Þäê× ÜâÙæÕÑ âÞÕÓÙ ÞÙÓâ éÞÕÞèÙÝ ÑçÜÕê:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl">ÔäèÓ ÞÑàÔ ÞêæÕÒÔ (èÐÔ ÑÔÞéÚ Ðê ÔÔáÑè âÜ ÔÔÑÓÜ ÑÙß <i><u><a href= "#Glossary_Document_Content">êÕÛß, ÞÑàÔ ÕêæÕÒÔ</a></u></i>).</li> <li dir="rtl">ÔéêÞé ÑØçáØ (ÛÕÜÜ <i><u><a href= "#Glossary_Equivalent">×ÜÕäê ØçáØ</a></u></i>). ØçáØ ÙÛÕÜ ÜÔÙÕê ÞÕÞè âÑÕè èÕÑ ÔÓäÓäàÙÝ ÕàÒÙé ÜèÕÑ ÔÞéêÞéÙÝ.</li> <li dir="rtl">æÕè ÞáÞÛÙÝ éàÙêß ÙÔÙÔ "ÜçèÕÐ" ÐÕêÝ, ÒÝ ÐÝ ÔÞéêÞé ÐÙàÕ ÙÛÕÜ ÜèÐÕê Õ/ÐÕ ÐÙàÕ ÙÛÕÜ ÜéÞÕâ ÐÕêÝ. áäç ÞÙÓâ éÞéèê Ðê ÔÞØèÕê ÐÕ ÔäÕàçæÙÕê ÑÓÕÞÔ ÜÐÕÓÙÕ ÐÕ ÕÙÓÐÕ, ÕÑÐÕäß éÙêÐÙÝ ÒÝ ÜÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ×ÕéÙÝ ÐÜØèàØÙÑÙÙÝ (ÞÙéÕé ÜÓÕÒÞÔ). ÐÙß ÔÛÕÕàÔ ÜÔÛÙß ÔçÜØÕê ÞèÐé ÜÛÜ êÛàÙ ÔÐêè ÛÓÙ éÙÔÙÕ àÒÙéÙÝ ÜâÙÕÕèÙÝ. ÞéêÞéÙÝ âÙÕÕèÙÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜÔéêÞé ÑØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê éÜ <i><u><a href= "#Glos_Screen_reader">çÕèÐÙ ÞáÚ</a></u></i> éÙçèÙÐÕ âÑÕèÝ Ðê ÔØçáØ.</li> <li dir="rtl">æÕè ÞáÞÛÙÝ éÐÙàÝ ÞáêÞÛÙÝ âÜ áÕÒ ×ÕÞèÔ Ð×Ó. ÓäÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ æèÙÛÙÝ ÜÔÙÕê éÞÙéÙÝ ÒÝ ÜÐàéÙÝ éÐÙß ÜÔÝ âÛÑè, éÔæÒÙÝ éÜÔÝ çØàÙÝ ÐÕ ÑèÖÕÜÕæÙÔ àÞÕÛÔ, éÔæÒÙÝ éÜÔÝ äÕâÜÙÝ ÑæÑâ Ð×Ó (mono), éÐÙß ÜÔÝ æÒÙÝ ÛÜÜ, éÙé ÜÔÝ èç ÐäéèÕê ÜØçáØ ÑÜÑÓ ÐÕ éÙé ÑèéÕêÝ èÞçÕÜ ÑÜÑÓ.</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÔÞèÔ ÒÞÙéÔ ÑÐÔ ÜÙÓÙ ÑÙØÕÙ ÑâÙçè ÑÔà×ÙÕê 1 âÓ 11.</p> <h3 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334537"></a><a name= "_Toc52638428"></a><a name="_ÙæÙèê_êÛàÙÝ_ÞÕÑàÙÝ"></a>4.2.2 ÙæÙèê êÛàÙÝ ÞÕÑàÙÝ ÕçÜÙÝ ÜàÙÕÕØ</h3> <p dir="rtl">Þäê×Ù ÔêÛàÙÝ æèÙÛÙÝ ÜÙæÕè êÛàÙÝ ÞÕÑàÙÝ ÕçÜÙÝ ÜàÙÕÕØ. ÓèÙéÔ ÖÕ ÛÕÜÜê ÜÐ èç ÙæÙèê éäÔ ÑèÕèÔ ÕäéÕØÔ, ÐÜÐ ÒÝ Ðáäçê ÞàÒàÕàÙÝ ÞÕÑàÙÝ ÜàÙÕÕØ ÑÙß ÔÓäÙÝ ÕÑêÕÛÝ. Ðáäçê ÛÜÙ àÙÕÕØ ÕÞÙÓâ ÔÞÐäéè ÔêÞæÐÕê ÑÓäÙÝ, ÙâÜÔ ÞÐÕÓ Ðê ÔàÒÙéÕê ÕÔéÙÞÕéÙÕê. Ùé ÞéêÞéÙÝ éÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜÔéêÞé ÑèÞÖÙÝ ÕÙÖÕÐÜÙÙÝ ÛÞÕ ÞäÕê êÞÕàÔ (image maps), äáÙ ÒÜÙÜÔ, ÞáÒèÕê ÐÕ ÒèäÙçÔ. ÛÜÙÝ ÐÜÔ ÞêÐÙÞÙÝ ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ èÕÐÙÝ ÔäÕâÜÙÝ âÝ ÓäÓäàÙÝ ÒèäÙÙÝ éÜ Þ×éÑÙÝ ÐÙéÙÙÝ. ÞéêÞéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê ÞÐÑÓÙÝ ÞÙÓâ ÔçéèÙ ÛÐéè ÔÝ èÕÐÙÝ èç ×Üç ÞÔæÒ, ÐÕ ÛÐéè ÒÙéêÝ ÜÓã ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÔÙÐ ÑêæÕèÔ éÜ ÞÙÜÙÝ ÑÕÓÓÕê, ÛÞÕ Ñâê éÙÞÕé ÑÞàÕâ ÔçèÐÔ ÐÕ ÑêæÕÒê ÑèÙÙÜ. ÛÚ ÒÝ ÛÐéè ÔÝ ÞçÑÜÙÝ ÞÙçØâÙ ÞÙÓâ çØàÙÝ ÑÛÜ äâÝ, ÐÕ ÑêæÕÒÔ ÞÕÒÓÜê ÑÐÞæâÕê ÐÞæâÙ ÔÒÓÜÔ. ÜÜÐ ÞÙÓâ ÔÞÐäéè ÔêÞæÐÕê ÑÓã ÔÐÙàØèàØ, ÞéêÞéÙÝ âéÕÙÙÝ éÜÐ ÜÔÑÙß ØÑÜÐÕê ÒÓÕÜÕê ÞÐÕÓ, èéÙÞÕê, êäèÙØÙÝ ÕÛÓ'.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÙæÙèê êÛàÙÝ ÞÕÑàÙÝ ÕçÜÙ àÙÕÕØ ÑÐÙÝ ÜÙÓÙ ÑÙØÕÙ ÑâÙçè ÑÔà×ÙÕê 12 âÓ 14.</p> <!--/ul--> <!--ul dir="rtl"--> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334538"></a><a name= "_Toc52638429"></a><a name="_ÛÙæÓ_ÞÐÕèÒàÕê_ÔÔà×ÙÕê?"></a>4.3 ÛÙæÓ ÞÐÕèÒàÕê ÔÔà×ÙÕê?</h2> <p dir="rtl">ÞáÞÚ ÖÔ ÞÛÙÜ 14 Ôà×ÙÕê ÔÞéÞéÕê ÛâçèÕàÕê ÛÜÜÙÝ ÜâÙæÕÑ àÒÙé. ÛÜ Ôà×ÙÔ ÛÕÜÜê:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl">Þáäè Ôà×ÙÔ.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÔæÔèê ÔÔà×ÙÔ.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÔàÙÞÕç ÜÛÜ Ôà×ÙÔ ÕäÙèÕØ çÑÕæÕê ÔÞéêÞéÙÝ éÙäÙçÕ êÕâÜê ÞÙÙéÕÞÔ.</li> <li dir="rtl">èéÙÞÔ éÜ àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ.</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÔÒÓèÕê ÜÒÑÙ áâÙäÙ àçÕÓÕê ÔÑçèÔ ÞáÑÙèÕê ÛÙæÓ ÔÔà×ÙÔ ÞÙÕéÞê. ÛÜ ÔÒÓèÔ éÜ áâÙã ÞêÕÚ èéÙÞê ÔàçÕÓÕê ÜÑçèÔ ÛÕÜÜê:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl">Þáäè áâÙã.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÔæÔèÔ.</li> <li dir="rtl">èÞê âÓÙäÕê.</li> <li dir="rtl">ÔâèÕê, ÓÕÒÞÐÕê ÔÑÔèÔ, ÔäàÙÕê ÜÔà×ÙÕê ÐÕ áâÙäÙÝ ÞæØÜÑÕê.</li> <li dir="rtl">çÙéÕè ÜäÙáçÔ ÑÞáÞÚ ÔØÛàÙçÕê (<a href= "#Techniques">TECHNIQUES</a>) éÑÕ ÞäÕèØÙÝ ÙÙéÕÞÙÝ ÕÓÕÒÞÐÕê ÜáâÙã ÔàÓÕß.</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">ÛÜ áâÙã ÞêÕÚ èéÙÞÕê ÔàçÕÓÕê ÜÑçèÔ àÕâÓ ÜÔÙÕê ÙÙ×ÕÓÙ ÑÞÙÓÔ Þáäçê, ÛÚ éÛÜ ÞÙ éáÕçè Óã ÐÙàØèàØ ÐÕ Ðêè, ÙÕÛÜ ÜÕÕÓÐ éÔÙÙêÔ ÔêÙÙ×áÕê ÜáâÙã ÔàÓÕß.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <h3 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334539"></a><a name= "_Toc52638430"></a><a name="_ÞÕáÛÞÕê_ÔÞáÞÚ"></a>4.3.1 ÞÕáÛÞÕê ÔÞáÞÚ</h3> <p dir="rtl">ÑÞáÞÚ ÖÔ Ùé àÔÜÙ âèÙÛÔ çÑÕâÙÝ:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl">éÞÕê ÐÜÞàØÙÝ ÞÕæÒÙÝ ÑÐÕêÙÕê ÜØÙàÙÕê èÙéÙÕê (uppercase letters).</li> <li dir="rtl">éÞÕê êÛÕàÕê ÞÕæÒÙÝ ÑÐÕêÙÕê ÜØÙàÙÕê èÒÙÜÕê.</li> <li dir="rtl">çÙéÕèÙÝ ÜÔÒÓèÕê ÞÕÓÒéÙÝ.</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <!--/ul> <ul dir="rtl"--> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334540">4.4 èÞÕê âÓÙäÕê</a></h2> <p dir="rtl">ÜÛÜ áâÙã ÞêÕÚ èéÙÞê àçÕÓÕê ÔÑçèÔ Ùé èÞê âÓÙäÕê ÔÞÕçæÙê ÜÔ âÜ ÙÓÙ çÑÕæê ÔâÑÕÓÔ, ÑÔêÑáá âÜ ÔéäâêÕ âÜ ÔàÒÙéÕê.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>[èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1]</b></p> <p dir="rtl">Þäê× êÛàÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ <b>×ÙÙÑ</b> ÜÞÜÐ Ð×è áâÙã ÖÔ. ÐÝ ÜÐ ÙâéÔ Ûß, Ð×ê ÐÕ ÙÕêè ÞÔçÑÕæÕê ÜÐ ÙÕÛÜÕ ÜÒéê ÜÞÙÓâ éÑÞáÞÚ. çÙÕÝ ÔÓèÙéÕê ÔÑáÙáÙÕê éÜ áâÙã ÖÔ ÔÙàÕ ×ÕÑÔ ÛÓÙ éÛÜ çÑÕæÕê ÔÞéêÞéÙÝ ÙÕÛÜÕ ÜÒéê ÜÞáÞÛÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÕÜÔéêÞé ÑÔÝ.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>[èÞê âÓÙäÕê 2]</b></p> <p dir="rtl">Þäê× êÛàÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ <b>æèÙÚ</b> ÜÞÜÐ Ð×è áâÙã ÖÔ. Ð×èê, Ð×ê ÐÕ ÙÕêè ÞÔçÑÕæÕê ÙêçéÕ ÜÒéê ÜÞÙÓâ ÑÞáÞÚ. çÙÕÝ ÓèÙéÕê áâÙã ÖÔ ÙáÙè Þ×áÕÞÙÝ ÞéÞâÕêÙÙÝ Ñâê ÒÙéÔ ÜÞáÞÛÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>[èÞê âÓÙäÕê 3]</b></p> <p dir="rtl">Þäê× êÛàÙ ÐÙàØèàØ <b>ÙÛÕÜ</b> ÜÔêÙÙ×á ÜáâÙã ÖÔ. ÐÝ ÜÐ ÙâéÔ Ûß, Ð×ê ÐÕ ÙÕêè ÞÔçÑÕæÕê ÙÙêçÜÕ ÑçÕéÙ Ñâê ÒÙéÔ ÜÞÙÓâ ÑÞáÞÛÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ. çÙÕÝ ÓèÙéÕê áâÙã ÖÔ Ùéäè Ðê ÔàÒÙéÕê ÜÓäÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ.</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">èÞê ÔâÓÙäÕê éÜ ÛÞÔ ÞÔáâÙäÙÝ âéÕÙÔ ÜÔéêàÕê ÑêàÐÙÝ ÞáÕÙÞÙÝ.</p> <!--/ul> <ul dir="rtl"--> <h2 dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334541">5 âÞÙÓÔ Ñêçß</a></h2> <p dir="rtl">äÙáçÔ ÖÕ ÞÒÓÙèÔ éÜÕé èÞÕê ÜâÞÙÓÔ Ñêçß:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl"><b>âÞÙÓÔ Ñêçß ÓèÒÔ "</b><b>A</b><b>":</b> ÛÜ ÔÓèÙéÕê éÜ ÔáâÙäÙÝ éÑèÞê âÓÙäÕê 1 ÞÕÜÐÕ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><b>âÞÙÓÔ Ñêçß ÓèÒÔ "</b><b>AA</b><b>":</b> ÛÜ ÔÓèÙéÕê éÜ ÔáâÙäÙÝ éÑèÞÕê âÓÙäÕê 1 Õ- 2 ÞÕÜÐÕ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><b>âÞÙÓÔ Ñêçß ÓèÒÔ "</b><b>AAA</b><b>":</b> ÛÜ ÔÓèÙéÕê éÜ ÔáâÙäÙÝ éÑèÞÕê âÓÙäÕê 1,2,3 ÞÕÜÐÕ.</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÓèÙéÔ ÜâÞÙÓÔ ÑêÐÙÞÕê ÜÞáÞÚ ÖÔ ×ÙÙÑê ÜÔÙâéÕê ÑÐ×ê ÞéêÙ ÓèÛÙÝ:</p> <p dir="rtl">ÓèÚ 1: äèØ Ðê ÔàêÕàÙÝ ÔÑÐÙÝ:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl">ÛÕêèê "Web content Accessibility Guideline 1.0"</li> </ul> <ul type="disc"> <li dir="rtl">ÛêÕÑê URL&nbsp; éÜ ÔÔà×ÙÕê:<br> &nbsp;http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-1990505</li> <li dir="rtl">âÞÙÓÔ Ñêçß: "AA", "AA", ÐÕ "AAA"</li> <li dir="rtl">ÔÔÙçã éÜ ÔÓèÙéÔ (ÛÜÕÞè: Óã, Ðêè ÐÕ Ù×ÙÓÔ ÞÕÒÓèê ÑÐêè).</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">ÓÕÒÞÔ ÜÓèÚ 1: Óã ÖÔ ÞÞÜÐ Ð×è ÔÔà×ÙÕê ÜäÙ ÞáÞÚ: Web content Accessibility Guideline 1.0&nbsp; ÔàÞæÐ Ñ-&nbsp; http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-1990505 , èÞÔ AA</p> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <p dir="rtl">ÓèÚ 2: ÛÜÕÜ, ÑÛÜ âÞÕÓ âÜÙÕ àÓèéê âÞÙÓÔ Ñêçß, Ð×Ó ÞéÜÕéÔ áÞÜÙÝ ÔÞáÕäçÙÝ âÜ ÙÓÙ Ô- W3C, Õçéè Ðê ÔáÞÜ ÜÔáÑè ÔèÐÕÙ éÜ Ô- W3C&nbsp; âÜ ÔÓèÙéÔ. ÔáÑè âÜ ÔáÞÜÙÝ ÕÛÙæÓ ÜéêÕÜ ÐÕêÝ ÑâÞÕÓÙÝ àÞæÐ Ñ- <a href= "#icons">WCAG-ICONS</a>.</p><br clear="all"> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <!--/ul--> <div align="center" dir="ltr"> <hr size="2" width="100%" align="center"> </div> <h2 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334542">6. Ôà×ÙÕê ÜàÒÙéÕê ÐêèÙ ÐÙàØèàØ</a></h2> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334543"></a><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ1"></a><a name="_Ôà×ÙÔ_1:_áäç"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 1: áäç ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÜêÛàÙÝ çÕÜÙÙÝ Õ×ÖÕêÙÙÝ</h3> </div> <p dir="rtl"><b>áäç êÛàÙÝ, éÛÐéè ÞÕæÒÙÝ ÜÞéêÞé, ÔÝ ÞâÑÙèÙÝ Ðê ÐÕêÕ ÔÞáè éÜ ÔäÕàçæÙÔ ÐÕ ÔÞØèÔ ÔçÙÙÝ ÑêÕÛß ÔçÕÜÙ ÐÕ Ô×ÖÕêÙ.</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÜÞèÕê éÙéàÝ ÐàéÙÝ éÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜÔéêÞé ÑêÞÕàÕê, áèØÕàÙÝ, çÕÜÕê ÕÛÓ' ÙéÙèÕê, ÔÝ âÓÙß âéÕÙÙÝ ÜÔéêÞé ÑÓäÙÝ éÛÕÜÜÙÝ <i><u><a href="#Glossary_Equivalent">ÞÙÓâ ×ÜÕäÙ</a></u></i> ÜêÕÛß Ô×ÖÕêÙ ÐÕ ÔçÕÜÙ. ÔÞÙÓâ Ô×ÜÕäÙ ×ÙÙÑ Üéèê Ðê ÐÕêÔ ÞØèÔ ÛäÙ éâÕéÔ ÔÞÙÓâ Ô×ÖÕêÙ ÐÕ ÔçÕÜÙ. ÛÚ, ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÜêÞÕàÔ éÜ ×å ÛÜäÙ ÞâÜÔ ÔÞçéè ÜêÕÛß ÔâàÙàÙÝ, æèÙÚ ÜÔÙÕê "ÜÚ ÜêÕÛß ÔâàÙàÙÝ". ÑÞçèÙÝ ÞáÕÙÙÞÙÝ, Ô×ÜÕäÔ ÔØçáØÕÐÜÙê æèÙÛÔ ÜêÐè Ðê ÐÕäß ÔÔÕäâÔ ÕÞÔÕê ÔêÕÛß Ô×ÖÕêÙ (âÑÕè êèéÙÞÙÝ ÞÕèÛÑÙÝ, ÜÕ×Õê ÞÕÓâÕê, ÓÙÐÒèÞÕê ÕÛÓ') ÐÕ Ðê æÜÙÜÕ éÜ ÔêÕÛß ÔçÕÜÙ (ÜÓÕÒÞÔ çÕÜÕê ÑÔÝ àâéÔ éÙÞÕé ÜæèÛÙÝ ÜÙÞÕÓÙÙÝ).</p> <p dir="rtl">Ôà×ÙÔ ÖÕ ÞÓÒÙéÔ Ðê Ô×éÙÑÕê éÑÐáäçê <i><u><a href="#Glossary_Equivalent">×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê</a></u></i> âÑÕè êÕÛß ÜÐ ØçáØÕÐÜÙ (êÞÕàÕê, çÕÜ, ÕÙÓÐÕ). ÛÕ×Ô éÜ ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÞÕà× ÑÙÛÕÜê ÜÔÞÙè Ðê âæÞÕ ÑÐÕäàÙÝ éÙÔÙÕ àÒÙéÙÝ ÜÞÒÕÕß éÜ çÑÕæÕê éÜ ÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê ÔÞéêÞéÙÝ ÑÞÒÕÕß éÜ ØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê. ØçáØ ÙÛÕÜ ÜÔÙçèÐ â"Ù ÞàÕâ ÔçèÐÔ, ÜÔÙÛêÑ âÜ <i><u><a href= "#Glossary_Braille">ÞæÙÒÙ ÑèÙÙÜ</a></u></i>, ÕÙÛÕÜ ÒÝ ÜÔÙÕê ÞÕæÒ ×ÖÕêÙê ÑÞÒÕÕß éÜ ÒÓÜÙÝ ÑÞ×éÑÙÝ ÕâÜ àÙÙè. ÞàÕâ ÔçèÐÔ ÔÕÐ çèÙØÙ ÜÐàéÙÝ âÙÕÕèÙÝ ÕÜÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ çéÙÙ çèÙÐÔ ÔÞÜÕÕÙÝ ÜèÕÑ ÑçéÙÙÝ çÕÒàÙØÙÑÙÙÝ, ÜÜçÕÙÙ ÜÞÙÓÔ ÕÜ×èéÙÝ. ÑèÙÙÜ ÔÕÐ ÔÛè×Ù ÜÐàéÙÝ éÔÝ ÒÝ ×èéÙÝ ÕÒÝ âÙÕÕèÙÝ. ØçáØ éÞÕæÒ ×ÖÕêÙê ÞÕâÙÜ ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ ×èéÙÝ ÕÛß ÜèÕÑ ÞéêÞéÙ ÔÐÙàØèàØ.</p> <p dir="rtl">éÙÞÕé ÑÐÜÞàØÙÝ ×ÜÕäÙÙÝ ÜÐ ØçáØÕÐÜÙÙÝ âÑÕè ÞÙÓâ ØçáØÕÐÜÙ (ÜÞéÜ êÞÕàÕê, ÕÙÓÐÕ ÕçÕÜ éÔÕçÜØ ÞèÐé) ÞÕâÙÜ ÒÝ ÔÕÐ ÜÛÞÔ ÞéêÞéÙÝ, ÑâÙçè ÐÜÕ éÐÙàÝ çÕèÐÙÝ ÐÕ ÑâÜÙ çéÙÙ çèÙÐÔ.</p> <p dir="rtl">ÑáèØÕàÙÝ ÐÕ ÞæÒÕê ×ÖÕêÙÕê, äâÕÜÕê ×ÖÕêÙÕê ÛÞÕ éäê ÒÕã ÐÕ áÙÞàÙÝ Ð×èÙÝ ×ÖÕêÙÙÝ âéÕÙÙÝ éÜÐ ÜÔêÜÕÕê ÑÞáäÙç ÞÙÓâ çÕÜÙ âÜ Þàê ÜÔâÑÙè Ðê ÐÕêÕ ÞÙÓâ. ÐÝ ÜÐ ÙáÕäç êÙÐÕè ÞÙÜÕÜÙ éÜ ÔÞÙÓâ Ô×ÖÕêÙ, ÐàéÙÝ éÐÙàÝ èÕÐÙÝ Ðê ÔêÕÛß Ô×ÖÕêÙ ÜÐ ÙÕÛÜÕ ÜÔÑÙàÕ.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>1.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint1x1">áäç ×ÜÕäê ØçáØ ÜÛÜ ÐÜÞàØ ÜÐ ØçáØÕÐÜÙ (ÛÜÕÞè ÑÐÞæâÕê "</a>alt", ÐÕ Þêß ÔáÑè êÛàÙ ÜÐÜÞàØ), ÐÜÞàØ ÜÐ ØçáØÕÐÜÙ ÛÕÜÜ: êÞÕàÕê, ÙÙæÕÒÙÝ ÒèÐäÙÙÝ éÜ ÔØçáØ (ÛÕÜÜ áÞÜÙÝ/ÐÙçÕàÙÝ), ÐÖÕèÙ Þäê êÞÕàÔ (image map regions), ÙéÕÞÕàÙÝ (applets), ÐÕÑÙÙçØÙ êÛàÕê, ÞáÒèÕê (frames), êáèÙØÙÝ (scripts), èéÕÞÕê áÓÕèÕê ÜêÑÜÙØÙÝ&nbsp; (bullets), ÞèÕÕ×ÙÝ (spacers), ÛäêÕèÙÝ ÒèÐäÙÙÝ, æÜÙÜÙÝ (ÔÞÕäâÜÙÝ âÝ ÐÕ ÑÜÙ ÐÙàØèÐçæÙÔ âÝ ÔÞéêÞé), çÑæÙ ÐÕÓÙÕ âæÞÐÙÙÝ, äáÙ çÕÜ éÜ çÕÑæÙ ÕÙÓÐÕ, ÕçÕÑæÙ ÕÙÓÐÕ [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1]</li> <li dir="rtl">ÔéêÞé Ñ "alt" âÑÕè ÐÜÞàØÙÝ éÜ IMG, INPUT, Õ- APPLET, ÐÕ áäç ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÜêÕÛß éÜ ÔÐÜÞàØÙÝ OBJECT Õ- APPLET.</li> <li dir="rtl">âÑÕè êÛàÙÝ ÞÕèÛÑÙÝ (ÛÒÕß êèéÙÝ) ÛÐéè "alt" ÐÙàÕ Þáäç ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÞÜÐÔ, áäç êÙÐÕè àÕáã, ÜÞéÜ, éÙÞÕé Ñ- longdesc ÑêÒÙê IMG Õ- FRAME ÐÕ ÑÐÞæâÕê çÙéÕè ÜÓã ØçáØ ÞäÕèØ.</li> <li dir="rtl">âÑÕè Image Map, ÔéêÞé ÐÕ ÑÞÐäÙÙß Ô- alt ÑêÒÙê AREA, ÐÕ ÔéêÞé ÑêÒÙê MAP ÑéÙÜÕÑ âÝ êÒÙÕê A (ÕØçáØ Ð×è) ÛêÕÛß.</li> <li dir="rtl"> èÐÔ ÒÝ àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ <a href="#Checkpoint9x1">9.1</a>, àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ <a href="#Checkpoint13x10">13.10</a>.</li> <li dir="rtl"> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#_tech-text-equivalent"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 1.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>1.2&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">áäç ØçáØ ×ÜÕäÙ ÜÛÜ ÐÙÖÕè äâÙÜ ÑêÞÕàÕê ÞäÔ ÑæÓ Ôéèê<br></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>1.3&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint1x3">âÓ éáÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé (</a>User Agents) ÙÕÛÜÕ ÜçèÕÐ ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê éÜ áèØÕß ×ÖÕêÙ (áèØ, ÐàÙÞæÙÔ ÕÛÓ') ÑÐÕäß ÐÕØÕÞØÙ, áäç êÙÐÕè çÕÜÙ éÜ ÔÞÙÓâ Ô×éÕÑ ÔÞÕâÑè ÑâèÕå Ô×ÖÕêÙ éÜ ÞæÒê ÞÕÜØÙÞÓÙÔ [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1]</li> <li dir="rtl"> áàÛèß Ðê ÔêÙÐÕè ÔçÕÜÙ âÝ äá ÔçÕÜ, âÜ äÙ àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 1.4. ÔêÙ×á ÜàçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ&nbsp;1.1 ÜÞÙÓâ âÜ ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÜÞÙÓâ ×ÖÕêÙ.</li> <li dir="rtl"> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-auditory-descriptions"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 1.3</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>1.4&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">ÜÛÜ ÞæÒê ÞÕÜØÙÞÓÙÔ ÞêÕÖÞàê (ÛÒÕß áèØÕß ÐÕ ÐàÙÞæÙÔ), áàÛèß êÙÐÕè ÞÙÜÕÜÙ (ÛÜÕÞè êÞÜÕÜ ÐÕ êÙÐÕè çÕÜÙ éÜ ÔêÕÛß Ô×ÖÕêÙ) âÝ ÞæÒê. [âÓÙäÕê 1]</li> <li dir="rtl"> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-synchronize-equivalents"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 1.4</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>1.5&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Ôà×ÙÔ15"></a> <a name="Checkpoint1x5">âÓ éáÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé ÙÕÛÜÕ ÜçèÕÐ ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÜçÙéÕèÙÝ ÑêÞÕàê ÞäÔ éÜ æÓ</a> ÜçÕ×, áäç ØçáØ çÙéÕèÙ âÕÓã ÜÛÜ ÐÙÖÕè äâÙÜ ÑêÞÕàê ÔÞäÔ. [âÓÙäÕê 3]</li> <li dir="rtl"> èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href="#Checkpoint9x1">àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 9.1</a></li> <li dir="rtl"> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#_tech-redundant-client-links"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 1.5</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334544"></a><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ2"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 2: ÐÜ êáêÞÚ âÜ ÔæÑâ ÑÜÑÓ.</h3> </div> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔÑØ× ÛÙ ØçáØ ÕÒèäÙçÔ ÞÕÑàÙÝ ÒÝ ÛÐéè àæäÙÝ ÜÜÐ æÑâ</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÐÝ àâéÔ éÙÞÕé ÑæÑâ ÜÑÓÕ ÛÓÙ ÜÔâÑÙè ÞÙÓâ, ÐàéÙÝ éÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜÔÑÓÙÜ ÑÙß æÑâÙÝ ÞáÕÙÞÙÝ (âÕÕèÙ æÑâÙÝ) ÕÞéêÞéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ÔêçàÙÝ éÑÔÝ ÔêÕæÒÔ ÔÙÐ ÜÜÐ æÑâÙÝ ÐÕ ÜÜÐ ÞÙÓâ ×ÖÕêÙ ÛÜÜ, ÜÐ ÙçÑÜÕ Ðê ÔÞÙÓâ. ÛÐéè ÔÞÙÓâ ÞÕæÒ ÑæÑâ ÑÒÕÕß çèÕÑ ÞÓÙ ÜæÑâ Ôèçâ, âÜÕÜ ÜÔÕÕæè ÞæÑ ÑÕ ÔçÕàØèáØ ÐÙàÕ Þáäç âÑÕè éÙÞÕé ÑêæÕÒê é×Õè ÜÑß ÐÕ ÜÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ áÕÒÙÝ éÕàÙÝ éÜ âÕÕèÕß æÑâÙÝ.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>2.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">Ùé ÜÔÕáÙã Ôçéè ÞÙÜÕÜÙ ÐÕ ÐÞæâÙ áÙÞÕß ÞêÐÙÝ àÕáã ÞÜÑÓ ÔæÑâ. ÔâÖè ÑÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß (CSS) ÔÞÒÓÙèÕê Ðê ÔæÑâ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-color-convey"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 2.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>2.2&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Ôà×ÙÔ22"></a>ÕÓÐ éæÙèÕäÙ ÔæÑâÙÝ éÜ Ôèçâ ÕÔ×ÖÙê ÞáäçÙÝ àÙÒÕÓ èÐÕÙ ÛÐéè àæäÙÝ âÜ ÙÓÙ ÞéêÞé ÑâÜ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê ÑèÐÙÙê æÑâÙÝ ÐÕ ÛÐéè àæäÙÝ ÑæÒ é×Õè ÜÑß (âÓÙäÕê 2 ÜêÞÕàÕê, âÓÙäÕê&nbsp; 3 ÜØçáØ)</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-color-contrast"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 2.2</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334545"></a><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ3"></a><a name="_Ôà×ÙÔ_3:_ÔéêÞé"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 3: ÔéêÞé Ñ×ÕÛÞÔ ÑêÒÙÕê ÕÑÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß</h3></div> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÓÐÒ éÜÞáÞÚ ÙÔÙÔ ÞÑàÔ àÐÕê. ÔéêÞé ÑÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß (</b><b>CSS</b><b>) ÑÞçÕÝ ÑÞÐäÙÙàÙÝ éÜ êÒÙÕê.</b></p> <p dir="rtl">éÙÞÕé ÑêÒÙÕê, éÜÐ âÜ äÙ Ôêçß, Þ×ÑÜ ÑàÒÙéÕê. éÙÞÕé ÜÐ àÛÕß ÑêÒÙÕê ÜæÕèÛÙ âÙæÕÑ (ÜÞéÜ, éÙÞÕé ÑØÑÜÔ ÜâÙæÕÑ ÐÕ ÑÛÕêèê ÜéÙàÕÙ ÒÕÓÜ ÔÒÕäß) ÞçéÙÝ âÜ ÞéêÞéÙÝ ÔàâÖèÙÝ ÑêÕÛàÔ ÞÙÕ×Óê Üäâà×, ÜÔÑÙß Ðê ÞÑàÔ ÔÞáÞÚ ÕÜàÕÕØ ÑÕ. ÞâÑè ÜÛÚ, éÙÞÕé ÑêÒÙÕê âÙæÕÑ (ÜÞéÜ PRE) ÑÞçÕÝ ÑêÒÙÕê ÞÑàÔ (ÜÞéÜ TABLE) ÞçéÔ ÜÔæÙÒ Ðê ÔÞáÞÚ ÑÞÛéÙèÙÝ Ð×èÙÝ ÞÐéè Þ×éÑ ÐÙéÙ (èÐÔ <i><u><a href="#Glossary_Document_Content">ÔÑÓÜÙÝ ÑÙß êÕÛß, ÞÑàÔ ÕêæÕÒÔ</a></u></i>).</p> <p dir="rtl">Þäê×Ù êÛàÙÝ ÜÐÙàØèàØ âéÕÙÙÝ ÜÔêäêÕê (ÐÕ ÜâéÕê éÙÞÕé ÜÐ àÛÕß) ÑÞÑàÙÝ ÛÓÙ ÜÔéÙÒ Ðê ÔâÙæÕÑ ÔàÓèé ÑÒÙèáÐÕê çÕÓÞÕê éÜ ÓäÓäàÙÝ. Ùé ÜÓâê ÛÙ ÖÔ âéÕÙ ÜÔÕÑÙÜ ÜÑâÙÕê àÒÙéÕê ÕÙé ÜéçÕÜ ÔÐÝ ÔâÙæÕÑ ÔÕÐ ÛÜ ÛÚ çèÙØÙ éÔÕÐ ÜÐ ÙÔÙÔ àÒÙé ÜçÑÕæê ÞéêÞéÙÝ.</p> <p dir="rtl">ÞÔæÓ ÔéàÙ, Þäê×Ù êÕÛß ÜÐÙàØèàØ ÜÐ æèÙÛÙÝ ÜÔçèÙÑ éÙÞÕé ÑêÒÙê âÙæÕÑ ÞáÕÙÙÞê èç ÑÒÜÜ éÐ×Ó ÞÔÓäÓäàÙÝ ÜÐ êÕÞÚ ÑÔ ÑÐÕäß ÞÜÐ. ÜÞéÜ, ÖÔ ÞçÕÑÜ ÜÔéêÞé ÑêÒÙê TABLE ÜÞèÕê éÙéàÝ Þáäè çÕèÐÙ ÞáÚ, ÙéàÙÝ ÑÓ"Û, éÐÙàÝ ÞáÕÒÜÙÝ ÜÔæÙÒ ØçáØ ÑØÕèÙÝ (èÐÔ <a href="#Checkpoint1x3">àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ&nbsp;1.3</a>). âÜ ÙÓÙ éÙÞÕé ÞÕáÛÜ Ñ- TABLE ÕÙæÙèê ØÑÜÐÕê àâÙÞÕê ÜâÙÙß (âÙÙß Ñ<a href= "#_Toc54334547">Ôà×ÙÔ&nbsp;5</a>) ÒÝ ÔêçàÙÝ Ð×èÙÝ ÙÕÛÜÕ ÜÔæÙÒ ÐÕêÔ ÛàÓèé.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>3.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Ôà×ÙÔ32"></a>ÛÐéè ÙéàÔ éäê áÙÞÕÜ ÞêÐÙÞÔ, ÔâÓã éÙÞÕé ÑáÙÞÕß (markup) âÜ äàÙ êÞÕàÕê, ÜÔâÑèê ÞÙÓâ [âÓÙäÕê 2] .</li> <li dir="rtl">ÜÞéÜ ÔéêÞé Ñ- MATHML ÜáÙÞÕß ÞéÕÕÐÕê ÞêÞØÙÕê ÕÑÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß ÜâÙæÕÑ ØçáØ ÕéÜÙØÔ âÜ ÞÑàÔ ÔÓã. ÑàÕáã, ÔÞàâ ÞÜÔéêÞé ÑêÞÕàÕê âÜ Þàê ÜÙÙæÒ ØçáØ. ÑÞçÕÝ ÖÐê, ÔéêÞé ÑØçáØ ÕÑÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß. èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href= "#_Toc54334548">Ôà×ÙÔ 6</a> Õ<a href= "#_Toc54334543">Ôà×ÙÔ 1</a></li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-use-markup"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 3.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>3.2&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">æÕè ÞáÞÛÙÝ ÜäÙ ÛÜÜÙ ÔéäÔ ÔèéÞÙÙÝ [âÓÙäÕê 2].<br> ÜÓÕÒÞÔ: ÛÜÕÜ ÔæÔèÔ âÜ áÕÒ ÔÞáÞÚ Ñê×ÙÜêÕ ÔÞêÙÙ×á Ü- DTD éäÕèáÝ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-identify-grammar"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 3.2</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>3.3&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Ôà×ÙÔ33"></a>ÔéêÞé ÑÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß ÜéÜÙØÔ âÜ ÑçèÔ ÕêæÕÒÔ [âÓÙäÕê 2].<br> ÜÓÕÒÞÔ: ÔéêÞé ÑêÛÕàÔ font éÜ CSS&nbsp; ÛàÓèé ÑÞçÕÝ ÔêÒÙê FONT éÜ HTML âÜ Þàê ÜéÜÕØ ÑáÒàÕß ÔÒÕäàÙÝ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-style-sheets"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 3.3</a>.</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>3.4&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Ôà×ÙÔ34"></a>ÔâÓã éÙÞÕé ÑÙ×ÙÓÕê Ù×áÙÕê âÜ äàÙ Ù×ÙÓÕê ÞÕ×ÜØÕê ÑáÙÞÕß êÛÕàÕê ÕâèÛÙÝ ÜéäÔ, ÕâèÛÙÝ ÜÞÐäÙÙàÙ ÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß [âÓÙäÕê 2]</li> <li dir="rtl">ÜÞéÜ Ñ- CSS ÔéêÞé Ñ  em" ÐÕ ÑÐ×ÕÖÙÝ (%) ÕÜÐ Ñ- pt , ÐÕ cm éÔÝ Ù×ÙÓÕê ÞÕ×ÜØÕê. ÐÝ àâéÔ éÙÞÕé ÑÙ×ÙÓÕê ÞÕ×ÜØÕê, ÑÓÕç Õêçã éàÙêß ÜÔÞÙè ÐÕêß ÜéÙÞÕéÙÝ Ð×èÙÝ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-relative-units"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 3.4</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>3.5&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Ôà×ÙÔ35"></a>ÔéêÞé ÑÐÜÞàØ éÜ ÛÕêèÕê (headers) ÜáÙÓÕè ÔÞáÞÚ (layout) ÕÔéêÞé ÑÔÝ âÜ äÙ ÔÔÒÓèÕê [âÓÙäÕê 2].<br> &nbsp;ÜÓÕÒÞÔ: Ñ- HTML ÔéêÞé Ñ- H2 ÜæÙÙß äÙáçê ÞéàÔ éÜ H1. ÐÜ êéêÞé ÑÛÕêèÕê&nbsp; ÜÐäçØÙÝ éÜ ÒÕäß.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-logical-headings"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 3.5</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>3.6&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">3<a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ36"></a>.6 âéÔ éÙÞÕé ÑèéÙÞÕê êÑÜÙØÙÝ ÕÑèéÙÞÕê ÞÞÕáäèÕê ÑÐÕäß àÐÕê [âÓÙäÕê 2]</li> <li dir="rtl">ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ñ- HTML, áÓè èéÙÞÕê ÑâÖèê OL, UL Õ- DL</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-list-structure"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 3.6</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>3.7&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ37"></a> áÞß æÙØÕØÙÝ. ÐÜ êéêÞé ÑáÙÞÕß æÙØÕØÙÝ ÜÐäçØÙÝ ÛÞÕ ÙÙéÕè [âÓÙäÕê 2]</li> <li dir="rtl">ÜÓÕÒÞÔ: Ñ- HTML&nbsp; ÔéêÞé ÑêÒÙÕê Q Õ- BLOCKQUOTE ÜáÞß æÙØÕØÙÝ çæèÙÝ ÕÐèÕÛÙÝ ÑÔêÐÞÔ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-quotes">ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 3.7</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ4"></a><b>&nbsp;</b></p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334546">Ôà×ÙÔ 4: ÓÐÒ éÙÔÙÔ ÑèÕè ÑÐÙÖÕ éäÔ ÔÙàÚ âÕéÔ éÙÞÕé</a></h3> </div> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔéêÞé ÑáÙÞÕß éÞÐäéè ÔÒÙÙÔ ÐÕ äèéàÕê éÜ ØçáØ éÔÕÐ ÑèÐéÙ êÙÑÕê, ÑçÙæÕèÙÝ ÐÕ ÑéäÔ ÖèÔ</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÛÐéè Þäê×Ù êÛàÙÝ ÞáÞàÙÝ éÙàÕÙÝ ÑéäÔ ÔÞáÞÚ (ÔéäÔ ÑÔ ÛêÕÑ ÔêÕÛß), çÕèÐÙ çÕÜ ÕÔêçàÙ ÑèÙÙÜ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜÔÞÙè âæÞÝ ÐÕØÕÞØÙê ÜéäÔ Ô×ÓéÔ, ÕÔÕäÛÙÝ ÑÛÚ Ðê ÔÞáÞÚ ÜàÒÙé ÙÕêè ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ èÑ ÜéÕàÙÙÝ. Þäê×Ù êÛàÙÝ æèÙÛÙÝ ÜÖÔÕê Ðê ÔéäÔ ÔØÑâÙê, éÜ êÛàÙ ÔÞáÞÚ (ÑÐÞæâÕê áÙÞÕß ÐÕ ÛÕêèÕê HTTP). Þäê×Ù ÔêÛàÙÝ æèÙÛÙÝ ÒÝ Üáäç ÔáÑèÙÝ ÜèÐéÙ êÙÑÕê ÕçÙæÕèÙÝ.</p> <p dir="rtl">æÙÕß ÔéäÔ ÞÐäéè ÜÞàÕâÙ ×ÙäÕé ÜÞæÕÐ ÞÙÜÕê Þäê× ÕÜÖÔÕê ÞáÞÛÙÝ ÑéäÔ ÔèæÕÙÔ. <i><u><a href= "#Glos_Natural_Language">éäÔ ØÑâÙê</a></u></i> Þéäèê Ðê èÞê ÔçèÙÐÕê éÜ ÔÐÙàØèàØ ÜÛÜ ÔÐàéÙÝ, ÛÕÜÜ ÐÜÕ âÝ ÜçÕÙÕê ÜÞÙÓÔ, ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê çÕÒàÙØÙÑÙÕê ÐÕ ×èéÙÝ.</p> <p dir="rtl">ÛÐéè çÙæÕèÙÝ ÕèÐéÙ êÙÑÕê ÐÙàÝ ÞÖÕÔÙÝ, ÔÝ âéÕÙÙÝ ÜÔÙÕê ÑÜêÙ ÞäÕâà×ÙÝ ÛÐéè ÙÕÞèÕ ÜÓÙÑÕè ÐÕ ÜÑèÙÙÜ.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>4.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">ÖÔÔ ÑÑÙèÕè éÙàÕÙÙÝ ÑéäÔ éÑØçáØ ÔÞáÞÚ, ÐÕ ÛÜ <a href="#Glossary_Equivalent">×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê</a> (ÛÒÕß êÞÜÕÜ) [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1]. ÜÞéÜ, Ñ- HTML, ÔéêÞé ÑÞÐäÙÙß "lang", Ñ- XML ÔéêÞé Ñ: "xml:lang"</li> <li dir="rtl"> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-identify-changes"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 4.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>4.2&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">äèØ Ðê ÔÞéÞâÕê éÜ ÛÜ çÙæÕè ÕÛÜ èÐéÙ êÙÑÕê ÛÐéè ÔÝ ÞÕäÙâÙÝ ÜèÐéÕàÔ ÑÞáÞÚ [âÓÙäÕê 3]</li> <li dir="rtl"> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-identify-changes"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 4.2</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>4.3&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Ôà×ÙÔ43"></a>ÖÔÔ Ðê ÔéäÔ ÔèÐéÙê éÜ ÔÞáÞÚ [âÓÙäÕê 3].</li> <li dir="rtl"> ÜÓÕÒÞÔ: Ñ- HTML ÔÒÓè Ðê êÛÕàê Ô- lang ÑÐÜÞàØ Ô- HTML. Ñ- XML ÔéêÞé Ñ- xml:lang . ÞäâÙÜÙ éèêÙÝ àÓèéÙÝ ÜÔÒÓÙè Ðê ÔéèêÙÝ ÑÐÕäß éÙÐäéè ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ ÜÔâÜÕê ÞáÞÛÙÝ ÑéäÔ ÔÞÕâÓäê âÜÙÔÝ ÑÐÕäß ÐÕØÕÞØÙ.</li> <li dir="rtl"> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-identify-lang"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 4.3</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ5"></a><b>&nbsp;</b></p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334547"></a><a name= "_Ôà×ÙÔ_5:_æÕè"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 5: æÕè ØÑÜÐÕê éàÙêàÕê ÜÔÞèÔ ÑçÜÕê</h3> </div> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔÑØ× éÜØÑÜÐÕê ÙÔÙÔ Ðê ÔáÙÞÕß ÔàÓèé âÜ Þàê éÙÕÞèÕ âÜ ÙÓÙ ÓäÓäàÙÝ àÒÙéÙÝ ÕÔêçàÙÝ Ð×èÙÝ ÑÐÕäß áÑÙè</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÑéÙÞÕé ÑØÑÜÐÕê æèÙÚ ÜÔæÙÒ ÞÙÓâ éÔÕÐ ÞêÐÙÝ ÜÔÙÕê ÞÕæÒ ÑØÑÜÔ. Þäê×Ù êÛàÙÝ æèÙÛÙÝ ÜÔÙÞàâ ÞÜâéÕê éÙÞÕé ÑØÑÜÐÕê ÜäèÙáê ÔâÞÕÓ. ØÑÜÐÕê ÞÛÜ áÕÒ ÞÔÕÕê çÕéÙ ÞÙÕ×Ó ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ <i><u><a href="#Glos_Screen_reader">çÕèÐÙ ÞáÚ</a></u></i> (èÐÔ <a href="#Checkpoint10x1">àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 10.3</a>)</p> <p dir="rtl">ÛÞÔ ÞáÕÛàÙ ÔÞéêÞé ÞÐäéèÙÝ ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ ÜàÕÕØ ÑÙß êÐÙ ØÑÜÔ ÕÜÒéê ÜÛÕêèÕê ÕÞÙÓâ Ð×è âÜ êÐ ÔØÑÜÔ. ÜÜÐ áÙÞÕß àÛÕß, ØÑÜÐÕê ÐÜÕ ÜÐ ÙáäçÕ ÜáÕÛàÙ ÔÞéêÞé Ðê ÔÞÙÓâ ÔèÐÕÙ. (èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href="#_Toc54334545">Ôà×ÙÔ 3</a>).</p> <p dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÔÑçèÔ ÔÑÐÕê ÙÕâÙÜÕ ÜÐàéÙÝ ÔàÙÒéÙÝ ÜØÑÜÔ ÑÐÞæâÕê ÐÞæâÙÝ çÕÜÙÙÝ (ÜÓÕÒÞÔ çÕèÐÙ ÞáÚ), ÐÕ éæÕäÙÝ èç Ñ×Üç ÞÔÓã ÑÛÜ äâÝ (âÙÕÕèÙÝ ÐÕ ÛÑÓÙ èÐÙÔ éÞéêÞéÙÝ ÑÔêçß çÕÜÙ , <i><u><a href="#Glossary_Braille">êæÕÒê ÑèÙÙÜ</a></u></i> ÐÕ <i><u><a href="#Glos_user_agents">áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</a></u></i> âÝ ÞáÚ êæÕÒÔ çØß ÕÛÓ')</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>5.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">âÑÕè ØÑÜÐÕê àêÕàÙÝ, ÖÔÔ ÛÕêèÕê éÜ éÕèÕê ÕâÞÕÓÕê [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1]. ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ñ- HTML ÔéêÞé Ñ- TD âÜ Þàê ÜÔÒÓÙè àêÕàÙ êÐÙÝ Õ- TH ÜÔÒÓÙè ÛÕêèÕê.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-table-headers"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 5.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>5.2&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"> âÑÕè ØÑÜÐÕê àêÕàÙÝ éÑÔÝ Ùé éêÙ (ÐÕ ÙÕêè) èÞÕê ÔÙèèÛÙÔ éÜ ÛÕêèÕê ÜâÞÕÓÔ ÐÕ ÜéÕèÔ, ÔéêÞé ÑáÙÞÕß âÜ Þàê Üçéè ÑÙß êÐÙ ÔàêÕàÙÝ ÜÛÕêèÕê ÔêÐÙÝ [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1].<br> ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ñ- HTML, ÔéêÞé Ñ- THEAD, TFOOT Õ- TBODY âÜ Þàê ÜçÑå éÕèÕê, COL Õ- COLGROUP âÜ Þàê ÜçÑå âÞÕÓÕê, ÕÞÐäÙÙàÙ - "axis", "scope" Õ- "headers", ÜêÙÐÕè ÙÕêè ÞÕèÛÑ éÜ ÔÙ×áÙÝ ÑÙß ÔàêÕàÙÝ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-table-structure"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 5.2</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>5.3&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ53"></a> ÐÜ êéêÞé ÑØÑÜÐÕê ÜáÙÓÕè ÔÞáÞÚ ÐÜÐ ÐÝ ÔØÑÜÔ ÔÒÙÕàÙê ÒÝ ÛÐéè ÔÙÐ ÜÙàÐèÙê. Ð×èê, ÐÝ ÐÙàÔ ÔÒÙÕàÙê, áäç ×ÜÕäÔ ÐÕ áäç ØÑÜÔ ÜÙàÐèÙê.[âÓÙäÕê 2]</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-avoid-table-for-layout"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 5.3</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>5.4&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ54"></a> ÐÝ ÔéêÞéê ÑØÑÜÔ ÜáÙÓÕè ÔÞáÞÚ, ÐÜ êéêÞé ÑáÙÞÕß ÞÑàÙ ÜæÕèÚ âÙæÕÑ ÕÙÖÕÐÜÙ [âÓÙäÕê 2]<br> ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ñ- HTML ÐÜ êéêÞé ÑÐÜÞàØ TH ÛÓÙ ÜÒèÕÝ ÜêÕÛß ÔêÐ ÜÔÙÕê ÞÞÕèÛÖ ÕÞÕÓÒé.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-table-layout"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 5.4</a><br></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>5.5&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ55"></a> áäç áÙÛÕÞÙÝ ÜØÑÜÔ [âÓÙäÕê 3]<br> ÜÓÕÒÞÔ: Ñ- HTML ÔéêÞé ÑÞÐäÙÙß summery éÜ ÔÐÜÞàØ TABLE</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10-HTML-TECHS/#table-summary-info"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 5.5</a><br></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>5.6&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Ôà×ÙÔ56"></a>áäç èÐéÙ êÙÑÕê ÜÛÕêèÕê ÔêÕÕÙê [âÓÙäÕê 3].<br> &nbsp;ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ñ- HTML, ÔéêÞé ÑÞÐäÙÙß abbr ÑÐÜÞàØ TH</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-abbreviate-labels"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 5.6</a></li> <li dir="rtl">èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href= "#Checkpoint10x3">àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ10.3</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334548"></a><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ6"></a><a name="_Ôà×ÙÔ_6:_ÕÓÐ"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 6: ÕÓÐ éâÞÕÓÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ×ÓéÕê ÞÕÞèÙÝ ÑçÜÕê</h3> </div> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔÑØ× éâÞÕÓÙÝ àÒÙéÙÝ ÒÝ ÛÐéè ØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ×ÓéÕê ÙÕêè ÐÙàß àêÞÛÕê ÐÕ ÜÐ ÞÕäâÜÕê.</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÜÞèÕê éÞäê×Ù êÛàÙÝ ÞâÕÓÓÙÝ éÙÞÕé ÑØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ×ÓÙéÕê éäÕêèÕê ÑâÙÕê ÑØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê çÙÙÞÕê, ÔÝ æèÙÛÙÝ ÜÓâê ÛÙæÓ ÜÔÞéÙÚ ÕÜÐäéè ÜâÞÕÓÙÝ éÜÔÝ ÜâÑÕÓ âÝ ÓäÓäàÙÝ ÙéàÙÝ ÙÕêè ÐÕ ÞéêÞéÙÝ éÑÕ×èÙÝ ÜàØèÜ (éÜÐ ÜÔäâÙÜ) Ðê ÐÕêÝ ÞÐäÙÙàÙÝ.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>6.1 &nbsp;</u></p> <p dir="rtl"> <a name="Checkpoint6x1">ÐèÒß ÞáÞÛÙÝ ÛÚ éàÙêß ÙÔÙÔ ÜçèÕÐ ÐÕêÝ ÜÜÐ ÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß</a>. ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, ÛÐéè ÞáÞÚ HTML ÞÕÞè ÜÜÐ éÙÕÚ ÜÒÙÜÙÕß áÒàÕß, âÓÙß àÓèé éàÙêß ÙÔÙÔ ÜçèÕÐ Ðê ÔÞáÞÚ. [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1].<br> ÛÐéè êÕÛß ÞÐÕèÒß ÑÐÕäß ÜÕÒÙ, ÔÕÐ ÙÕÞè ÜáÙÓÕè ÑâÜ ÞéÞâÕê ÛÐéè ÒÙÜÙÕàÕê ÔáÒàÕß ÞàÕØèÜÙÝ ÐÕ ÜÐ àêÞÛÙÝ.</p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-order-style-sheets"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 6.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>6.2 &nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint6x2">ÔÑØ× é×ÜÕäÕê ÜêÕÛß ÓÙàÐÞÙ ÞâÕÓÛàÕê ÛÐéè êÕÛß ÓÙàÐÞÙ ÞéêàÔ</a>. [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1]</li> <li dir="rtl"><u><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-dynamic-source"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 6.2</a></u></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>6.3&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint6x3"></a>ÔÑØ× éÓäÙÝ éÞÙéÙÝ ÛÐéè êáèÙØÙÝ (scripts) , ÙÙéÕÞÕàÙÝ (applets) ÐÕ ÐÕÑÙçØÙ êÛàÕê ÞàÕØèÜÙÝ ÐÕ ÜÐ àêÞÛÙÝ. ÐÝ ÔÓÑè ÐÙàÕ ÐäéèÙ, áäç ÞÙÓâ ×ÜÕäÙ ÐÕ âÞÕÓ àÒÙé ×ÜÕäÙ [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1] </li> <li dir="rtl">ÜÓÕÒÞÔ: ÔÑØ× éçÙéÕèÙÝ éÞÕäâÜÙÝ âÜ ÙÓÙ êáèÙØÙÝ ÙâÑÓÕ ÒÝ ÛÐéè à×áÞÔ/ÑÕØÜÔ ÔÐäéèÕê ÜÔäâÙÜÝ ÐÕ éÔÝ ÐÙàÝ àêÞÛÙÝ (ÑÞÙÜÙÝ Ð×èÕê, ÐÜ êéêÞé Ñ- "javascript:" ÜæÕèÚ çÙéÕè). ÐÝ ÔÓÑè ÐÙàÕ ÐäéèÙ ÜÔäÕÚ Ðê ÔÓã ÜéÞÙé ÜÜÐ êáèÙØÙÝ, áäç ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê âÝ ÐÜÞàØ Ô- NOSCRIPT, ÐÕ ÔéêÞé ÑÙÙéÕÝ æÓ éèê, ÑÞçÕÝ ÑæÓ ÜçÕ×, ÐÕ áäç âÞÕÓ àÒÙé ×ÜÕäÙ âÜ äÙ àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ 11.4, èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href= "#_Toc54334543">Ôà×ÙÔ 1</a>.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-scripts">ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 6.3</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>6.4&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint6x4">ÜêáèÙØÙÝ ÕÙÙéÕÞÕàÙÝ</a> (applets) ÕÓÐ éêÖÞÕàÙ ÐÙèÕâÙÝ ÔÝ ÜÜÐ êÜÕê ÑÔêçàÙÝ [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 2].<br> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-keyboard-operable-scripts"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 6.4</a><br></li> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint6x5">ÕÓÐ éêÕÛß ÓÙàÞÙ ÔÕÐ àÒÙé ÐÕ áäç êæÕÒÔ ×ÜÕäÙê ÐÕ âÞÕÓ ×ÜÕäÙ</a>. [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 2].<br> ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ñ- HTML, ÔéêÞé Ñ- NONFRAMES ÑáÕã ÛÜ ÞÑàÔ frame. âÑÕè ÙÙéÕÞÙÝ ÞáÕÙÞÙÝ, êáèÙØÙÝ ÑæÓ Ôéèê âéÕÙÙÝ ÜÔÙÕê àÒÙéÙÝ ÙÕêè ÞÐéè êáèÙØÙÝ ÑæÓ ÔÜçÕ×.<li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-fallback-page"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ .6.5</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>6.5&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl">èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href="#Checkpoint11x4">àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 11.4</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334549"></a><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ7"></a><a name="_Ôà×ÙÔ_7:_ÔÑØ×"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 7: ÔÑØ× éÜÙØÔ éÜ ÔÞéêÞé âÜ éÙàÕÙÙ êÕÛß êÜÕÙÙ ÖÞß</h3> </div> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔÑØ× éàÙêß ÙÔÙÔ ÜÔÐÙØ ÐÕ ÜâæÕè ÐÕÑÙçØÙÝ ÖÖÙÝ, ÞÔÑÔÑÙÝ, àÒÜÜÙÝ ÞâæÞÝ ÐÕ ÞêâÓÛàÙÝ ÐÕØÕÞØÙê.</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ÞÒÑÜÕê çÕÒàÙØÙÑÙÕê ÐÕ ×ÖÕêÙÕê ÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜçèÕÐ ÑÞÔÙèÕê ÐÕ éÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜçèÕÐ ÑÛÜÜ ØçáØ ÑêàÕâÔ. êÖÕÖÕê ÙÛÕÜÕê ÒÝ ÜÔáÙ× ÔÓâê ÑÐÕäß éÒÝ éÙÔäÕÚ éÐè ÔâÞÕÓ ÜÜÐ çèÙÐ âÑÕè ÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê çÕÒàÙØÙÑÙÕê. <i><u><a href="#Glos_Screen_reader">çÕèÐÙ ÞáÚ</a></u></i> ÐÙàÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜçèÕÐ ØçáØ ÑêàÕâÔ. ÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ ÞÕÒÑÜÕÙÕê äÙÖÙÕê âÜÕÜÙÝ ÜÐ ÜÔÙÕê ÞáÕÒÜÙÝ ÜÖÕÖ ÑÐÕäß ÞáäÙç ÞÔÙè ÐÕ ÞÓÕÙÙç ÑÐÙàØèÐçæÙÔ ÔàÓèéê âÝ ÐÕÑÙçØÙÝ ÖÖÙÝ ÛÐÜÕ.</p> <p dir="rtl">ÔâèÔ: ÛÜ ÔàçÕÓê ÑèéÙÞê ÔÑçèÔ ÔÑÐÔ ÛÕÜÜÕê èÞÔ ÞáÕÙÞê éÜ Ð×èÙÕê ÞæÓ Þäê× ÔêÛàÙÝ, <i><u><a href= "#Glos_Until_user_agents">âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</a></u></i> ÙáäçÕ ÞàÒàÕàÙÝ ÞáäçÙÝ ÜéÜÙØÔ âÜ ÞÐäÙÙàÙÝ ÐÜÕ.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>7.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint7x1"></a><a href= "#Glos_Until_user_agents"><i>âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</i></a>ÙÐäéèÕ éÜÙØÔ âÜ ÔÑÔÕÑÙÝ, Þàâ ÙæÙèê ÔÑÔÕÑÙÝ âÜ ÔæÒ.</li> <li dir="rtl">éÙÝ ÜÑ: ÐàéÙÝ ÑâÜÙ èÒÙéÕê ÜÐÕè (photosensitive epilepsy), ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜçÑÜ Ôêçã ÐäÙÜäØÙ ÛêÕæÐÔ ÞÔÑÔÕÑ ÐÕ ÔÑÖç ÑØÕÕ× éÜ 4 âÓ 59 ÔÑÖçÙÝ ÑéàÙÔ (HZ) âÝ èÒÙéÕê éÙÐ éÜ 20 ÔÑÖçÙÝ ÜéàÙÔ, ÛÞÕ ÒÝ éÙàÕÙÙÝ ÞÔÙèÙÝ Þ×éÛÔ ÜÐÕè (ÛÞÕ äàá ÜÙÜÔ)</li> <li dir="rtl"><u><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-avoid-flicker"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 7.1</a></u></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>7.2&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint7x2"></a><a href= "#Glos_Until_user_agents"><i>âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</i></a>ÙÐäéèÕ ÜéÜÕØ ÑÔÑÔÕÑ. ÔÞàâ ÞÜÐäéè ÜêÕÛß ÜÔÑÔÑ (ÛÒÕß ÛÙÑÕÙ ÔÕÓÜçÔ éÜ êÕÛß ÑçæÑ çÑÕâ) [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 2]</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-avoid-blinking"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 7.2</a><br></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>7.3&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint7x3"></a><a href= "#Glos_Until_user_agents"><i>âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</i></a>ÙÐäéèÕ ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ ÜÔçäÙÐ êÕÛß àâ, áäç ÞàÒàÕß ÑêÕÚ ÔêáèÙØ (script) ÐÕ ÔÙÙéÕÞÕß (applet) éÙÐäéè ÜÔçäÙÐ êàÕâÔ ÐÕ âÓÛÕàÙÝ. éÙÞÕé ÑÒÙÜÙÕàÕê áÒàÕß âÝ êáèÙØÙÝ ÜæÕèÚ ÙæÙèê êàÕâÔ ÞÐäéèÕê ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ "ÜÛÑÕê Ðê ÔÐäçØ ÑÙêè çÜÕê" èÐÔ ÒÝ Ôà×ÙÔ 8.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-avoid-movement"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 7.3</a><br></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>7.4&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint7x4"></a><a href= "#Glos_Until_user_agents"><i>âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</i></a>ÙÐäéèÕ Ðê ÔÙÛÕÜê ÜÞàÕâ èâàÕß, ÐÜ Ðäéè èâàÕß ÐÕØÕÞØÙ ÞêÕÖÞß éÜ ÔâÞÕÓÙÝ. [âÓÙäÕê 2]<br> ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ñ- HTML, ÐÜ êÐäéè ÜâÞÕÓÙÝ ÜÔêèâàß ÑÐÕäß ÐÕØÕÞØÙ ÑÐÞæâÕê "HTTP-EQUIV=refresh , ÖÐê âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé ÙÐäéèÕ ÜÞéêÞéÙÝ ÜÛÑÕê Ðê ÔÞÐäÙÙß.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-no-periodic-refresh"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 7.4</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>7.5&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint7x5"></a><a href= "#Glos_Until_user_agents"><i>âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</i></a>ÙáäçÕ Ðê ÔÙÛÕÜê ÜâæÕè ÔÛÕÕàÕê ÜâÞÕÓÙÝ Ð×èÙÝ ÑÐÕäß ÐÕØÕÞØÙ, ÐÜ êâéÔ éÙÞÕé ÑáÙÞÕß âÜ Þàê ÜÛÕÕß âÞÕÓÙÝ ÜÞçÕÞÕê Ð×èÙÝ ÑÐÕäß ÐÕØÕÞØÙ. ÑÞçÕÝ ÖÐê, ÔÒÓè Ðê Ôéèê ÜÑÙæÕâ ÔÛÕÕàÕê ÜÞÙçÕÞÙÝ Ð×èÙÝ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-no-auto-forward"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 7.5</a></li> <li dir="rtl">éÙÝ ÜÑ: ÐÜÞàØÙÝ ÛÞÕ BLINK Õ- MARQUEE ÐÙàÝ ÞÕÒÓèÙÝ ÑÐã ÞäèØ éÜ W3c HTML ÕÐÙß ÜâéÕê ÑÔÝ éÙÞÕé . èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href= "#_Toc54334553"> Ôà×ÙÔ 11</a>.</li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334550"></a><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ8"></a><a name="_Ôà×ÙÔ_8:_ÔÑØ×"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 8: ÔÑØ× àÒÙéÕê éÜ ÞÞéçÙ ÞéêÞé "ÞÕØÑâÙÝ" (embeded)</h3> </div> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔÑØ× éÞÞéç ÞéêÞé, éÜ ÛÜ ÞèÛÙÑÙ ÔÓã, âÕÞÓ ÑâçèÕàÕê âÙæÕÑ àÒÙé: ×Õáè êÜÕê Ñ×ÕÞèÔ, ÜÕ× ÞçéÙÝ, ÔäâÜÔ â"Ù çÕÜ ÕÛÓ'</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÛÐéè ÐÕÑÙçØ ÞÕØÑâ (embeded) ÔÕÐ ÑâÜ "ÞÞéç ÞéÜÕ", ÔÞÞéç ÛÞÕ ÞÞéç ÔÓäÓäß âæÞÕ- ×ÙÙÑ ÜÔÙÕê àÒÙé. ÐÝ ÔÞÞéç éÜ ÔÐÕÑÙçØ ÔÞÕØÑâ ÐÙàÕ ÙÛÕÜ ÜÔäÚ ÜàÒÙé, Ùé Üáäç äêèÕß àÒÙé ÐÜØèàØÙÑÙ.</p> <p dir="rtl"><b>éÙÝ ÜÑ.</b> ÜÞÙÓâ âÜ ÞÞéçÙÝ àÒÙéÙÝ, ÐàÐ âÙÙß Ñ User Agent Accessibility Guidelines<a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/#ref-WAI-USERAGENT">[WAI-USERAGENT]</a> and the Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10/#ref-WAI-USERAGENT">[WAI-AUTOOL]</a>.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>8.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint8x1">æÕè ÐÜÞàØÙÝ êÛàÕêÙÙÝ ÛÒÕß êáèÙØÙÝ</a> (scripts) ÕÙÙéÕÞÕàÙÝ (applets) éÔÝ àÒÙéÙÝ ÙéÙèÕê ÐÕ êÕÐÞÙÝ ÜØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÔ ÞáÙÙâê [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 1 ÐÝ ÔäÕàçæÙÕàÐÜÙÕê ×éÕÑÔ ÕÜÐ ÞÕæÒê ÑéÕÝ ÞçÕÝ Ð×è, Ð×èê èÞê âÓÙäÕê 2]</li> <li dir="rtl"> èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href= "#_Toc54334548">Ôà×ÙÔ 6</a></li> <li dir="rtl"> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-directly-accessible"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 8.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334551"></a><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ9"></a><a name="_Ôà×ÙÔ_9:_âÙæÕÑ"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 9: âÙæÕÑ ÜÐÙ-êÜÕê ÑêäâÕÜ áÕÛß ÔÞéêÞé (User Agent)</h3> </div> <p dir="rtl"><b>ÔéêÞé ÑÞÐäÙÙàÙÝ éÞÐäéèÙÝ ÔäâÜÔ éÜ ÐÜÞàØÙÝ ÑâÞÕÓ ÑÐÞæâÕê ÞÒÕÕß éÜ áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé (</b><b>User Agents</b><b>)</b></p> <p dir="rtl">ÔÛÕÕàÔ ÑàÒÙéÕê <i><u><a href= "#Glossary_Device_independent">ÜÜÐ êÜÕê ÑáÕÛß ÞéêÞé</a></u></i>, ÔÙÐ éÔÞéêÞé ÙÕÛÜ ÜÔÙÕê ÑÐÙàØèÐçæÙÔ âÝ áÕÛß ÞéêÞé ÐÕ ÞáÞÚ â"Ù éÙÞÕé ÑÐÞæâÙ çÜØ ÛÜéÔÕ: âÛÑè, ÞçÜÓê, çÕÜ, ÞÕØ èÐé, ÐÕ Ð×è. ÐÝ, ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, éÜÙØÔ ÑØÕäá ÙÛÕÜÔ ÜÔÙâéÕê èç âÜ ÙÓÙ éÜÙØÔ âÝ âÛÑè ÐÕ Ôêçß ÔæÑâÔ Ð×è, ÞÙéÔÕ éÞéêÞé ÑÔêçß ÜÜÐ èÐÙÔ, âÝ ÞÛéÕè çÕÜÙ ÐÕ âÝ ÞçÜÓê, ÐÕ éÞéêÞé ÑÔêçß ÜÜÐ ÙÛÕÜê ÔæÑâÔ, ÜÐ ÙÕÛÜ ÜÔéêÞé ÑØÕäá ÔÖÔ.</p> <p dir="rtl">ÔâèÔ: ×ÜÕäÔ ØçáØÕÐÜÙê ÜêÞÕàÕê ÞäÔ ÐÕ êÞÕàÕê ÛçÙéÕèÙÝ, ÙÔäÛÕ Ðê ÔÐÙàØèÐçæÙÔ éÜ ÔÞéêÞé ÜÐäéèÙê ÜÜÐ æÕèÚ ÑÔêçß ÔæÑâÔ. èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href= "#%_Toc54334543">Ôà×ÙÔ 1</a>.</p> <p dir="rtl">ÛÛÜÜ, âÞÕÓÙÝ éÞÐäéèÙÝ ÐÙàØèÐçæÙÔ ÑÐÞæâÕê ÞçÜÓê àÒÙéÙÝ ÒÝ ÑÐÞæâÕê ÞÛéÕè çÕÜÙ ÐÕ ÓèÚ éÕèÕê ÔäçÕÓÕê.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>9.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint9x1">ÔéêÞé ÑÞäÕê êÞÕàÔ æÓ ÜçÕ× ÑÞçÕÝ æÓ éèê.</a></li> <li dir="rtl"> èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href="#Checkpoint1x1">àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 1.1</a>, Õ<a href="#Checkpoint1x5">àçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 1.5</a>.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-client-side-maps"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 9.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>9.2&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint9x2">ÕÓÐ éÛÜ ÔÐÜÞàØÙÝ éÙé ÜÔÝ ÞÞéç ÞéÜÔÝ ÙÛÕÜÙÝ ÜÔÙÕê ÞÕäâÜÙÝ ÜÜÐ êÜÕê ÑÔêçß</a> ÛÜéÔÕ [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 2]<br> èÐÔ ÒÝ <a href= "#_Toc54334550"> Ôà×ÙÔ 8</a><br> <a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-keyboard-operable"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 9.2</a><br></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>9.3&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint9x3">ÜêáèÙØÙÝ, ÔÒÓè</a> event handlersÜÕÒÙÙÝ, âÜ äàÙ event handlers&nbsp; âæÞÐÙÙÝ ÞÔêçß.&nbsp; [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 2]</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-device-independent-events"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 9.3</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>9.4&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint9x4">æÕè ØÐÑ ÜÕÒÙ ÞáÕÓè ÜÐÕèÚ çÙéÕèÙÝ</a>, Ü×æàÙÝ ÕÐÕÑÙçØÙÝ [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 3]. ÜÓÕÒÞÔ Ñ- HTML, ÔÒÓè áÙÓÕè ØÐÑÙÝ ÑÐÞæâÕê Ô "tabindex" âÜ Þàê ÜÔÑØÙ× âÙæÕÑ âÞÕÓ ÜÕÒÙ.</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-tab-order"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 9.4</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>9.5&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint9x5">áäç çÙæÕèÙÝ ÑÜÕ× ÔÞçéÙÝ ÜçÙéÕèÙÝ ×éÕÑÙÝ</a> (ÛÕÜÜ ÐÜÕ ÑÞäÕê êÞÕàÕê ÑæÓ ÔÜçÕ×), ÑçèÙÝ, ÕçÑÕæÕê éÜ ÑçèÙÝ [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 3]. ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, Ñ- HTML, ÔÒÓè çÙæÕèÙÝ ÑÐÞæâÕê êÛÕàê Ô- "acesskey".</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-keyboard-shortcuts"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 9.5</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl">&nbsp;</p> <div> <h3 align="right" dir="rtl"><a name="_Toc54334552"></a><a name= "Ôà×ÙÔ10"></a>Ôà×ÙÔ 10: ÔéêÞé ÑäêèÕàÕê ÑÙàÙÙÝ</h3> </div> <p dir="rtl">ÔéêÞé ÑäêèÕàÕê ÑÙàÙÙÝ éÙâÑÓÕ ÒÝ ÑÓäÓäàÙÝ ÞÒÙèáÐÕê çÕÓÞÕê.</p> <p dir="rtl">ÜÓÕÒÞÔ, ÓäÓäàÙÝ ÙéàÙÝ (ÞÒèáÐÕê çÕÓÞÕê) ÜÐ ÞÐäéèÙÝ ÜÞéêÞé ÜàÕÕØ ÜêÙÑÕê âèÙÛÔ èÙçÕê. ÔêçàÙÝ ÙéàÙÝ éÜ çÕèÐÙ ÞáÚ ÞçèÙÐÙÝ èéÙÞÔ éÜ çÙéÕèÙÝ ÛçÙéÕè Ð×Ó. ÐÜÞàÙÝ ÐÜÕ çéÙÝ ÐÕ ÑÜêÙ ÐäéèÙÙÝ ÜàÒÙéÕê. ÑàÕáã, éÙàÕÙ Ô×ÜÕß ÔàÕÛ×Ù ÐÕ Ôçäæê ×ÜÕß ×Óé ÙÛÕÜ ÜÔÙÕê ÜéÑé Ðê ÔêÞæÐÕê éÜ ÞéêÞéÙÝ éÐÙàÝ èÕÐÙÝ éÔêè×éÔ äâÕÜÔ ÛÖÕ.</p> <p dir="rtl">éÙÝ ÜÑ: àçÕÓÕê ÔÑçèÔ ÔÑÐÕê ÔÑÐÕê êçäÕê <i><u><a href="#Glos_Until_user_agents">âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</a></u></i> ÐÕ <i><u><a href= "#Glos_Assistive_technology">ØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ÞáÙÙâÕê</a></u></i> ÙêÙÙ×áÕ ÜáÕÒÙÕê ÐÜÕ. ÜäÙÛÚ, ÐÜÔ ÔÝ äêèÕàÕê ÑÙàÙÝ, ÞéÕÝ éÔß êçäÕê Õà×ÕæÕê, ÐÚ âéÕÙÕê ÜÔÙÕê ÜÐ à×ÕæÕê ÑâêÙÓ ÛÐéè ØÛàÕÜÕÒÙÕê ÐÙàØèàØ ÙâàÕ ÜæèÛÙÝ ÐÜÕ.</p> <h4 align="right" dir="rtl">àçÕÓÕê ÑçèÔ</h4> <p dir="rtl"><u>10.1&nbsp;</u></p> <ul> <li dir="rtl"><a name="Checkpoint10x1"></a><a href= "#Glos_Until_user_agents"><i>âÓ Ðéè áÕÛàÙ ÞéêÞé</i></a>ÙÐäéèÕ ÜÞéêÞé ÜàØèÜ ÔÕäâêÝ éÜ ×ÜÕàÕê "çÕäæÙÝ", ÔÞàâ ÞÜÒèÕÝ Ü"äÕä-Ðä" ÐÕ ×ÜÕàÕê Ð×èÙÝ ÜÔÕäÙâ ÕÐÜ êéàÔ Ðê Ô×ÜÕß ÔàÕÛ×Ù ÞÑÜÙ ÜÔÕÓÙâ ÜÞéêÞé. [èÞê âÓÙäÕê 2]</li> <li dir="rtl"><a href= "http://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-WEBCONTENT-TECHS/#tech-avoid-pop-ups"> ØÛàÙçÕê ÜàçÕÓê ÑçèÔ 10.1</a></li> </ul> <p dir="rtl"><u>10.2&nbsp;</u></p> <ul>